Advancements in 3D In Vitro Models for Colorectal Cancer.

The process of drug discovery and pre-clinical testing is currently inefficient, expensive, and time-consuming. Most importantly, the success rate is unsatisfactory, as only a small percentage of tested drugs are made available to oncological patients. This is largely due to the lack of reliable models that accurately predict drug efficacy and safety.

Bilateral Tapia syndrome in teenager with post traumatic Hangman's fracture and carotid artery dissection.

Background: Tapia syndrome (TS) is a rare condition characterized by unilateral hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, leading to tongue deviation, swallowing difficulty and dysphonia.

Case Report: We describe a case of a 17-year-old boy who reported a bilateral TS following head and neck trauma with Hangman's fracture and right common carotid artery dissection. The confirmation occurred only after complete cognitive and motor recovery, verifying the inability to protrude the tongue and swallow, associated with complete paralysis of the vocal cords, diagnosed with fiber optic laryngoscopy.

Understanding Barriers Impacting upon Patient Wellbeing: A Nationwide Italian Survey and Expert Opinion of Dermatologists Treating Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis.

A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was administered to dermatologists managing patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis across Italy to obtain real-world dermatologists' perspectives on the impact of psoriasis and its treatment on patients' daily lives and quality of life (QoL). A total of 91 dermatologists (aged 39.1 ± 11.

PD-L1 and Notch as novel biomarkers in pancreatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: a pilot study.

Background: The improved immunological understanding revealed the tumor microenvironment as an appealing driver to restore the immune response against cancer cells resulting in a paradigm shift in the oncology field. However, the complexity of the tumor milieu suggests the role of several pathways linking in immunomodulation mechanisms. Pancreatic cancer represents a model of the intricate relationship between malignant cells and their surrounding neighborhood.

Metastatic components in colorectal cancer.

Recent experiments have shown that cells with different genetic mutations can give rise to cancer transformation, both and , supported by the crosstalk between cancer cells and stroma. The stroma and the complex set of involved cells make up the tumor microenvironment that supports the engraftment of metastatic cells. In fact, environmental factors support colorectal cancer arise by formation and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs).