Two models of ethical alignment through metacommunication in clinical situations.

The literature on communication in patient-centred care typically focuses on physicians' alignment strategies. The goals of these strategies are diagnostic accuracy, effectiveness via compliance and patient-centredness. Although the success of these strategies can to some extent be measured, the ethical standards by which they are evaluated are not sufficiently clear.

A bibliometric analysis of the clinical development of drugs in Norway for the year 2000.

Purpose:  Bibliometric analysis of publications was used to investigate the research output relating to the development of drugs in Norway and to evaluate the impact of Norwegian involvement in this research.

Material And Methods: One hundred and nine articles published between 2002 and 2008 were analysed. Bibliometric methods used were as follows: information on peer review, impact factor (IF), the Science Citation Index (SCI) and the representation of Norwegians in the list of authors.

An analysis of the clinical development of drugs in Norway for the year 2000: the completion of research and publication of results.

Objective: In Norway, very little data are available on the relation between the total number of research projects on the clinical development of drugs that have been started, the number of these projects in which the research phase has been completed and the number of projects for which results have been published. The aim of this study was to determine the number of projects in which the research phase had been completed and the results published.

Material And Methods: Information on research projects carried out on the clinical development of drugs during the year 2000 was obtained from the archives of the Norwegian Research Ethical Committee (REC) and subsequently analysed.

An analysis of the clinical development of drugs in Norway for the years 2000 and 2004: the influence of the pharmaceutical industry.

Objective: Little has been published either concerning the total number of research projects in connection with clinical development of drugs or the number of projects financially supported by the industry.

Methods: From the archives of the five regional Norwegian Research Ethical Committees (REC), all research projects in connection with clinical development of drugs for the years 2000 and 2004 were analysed with the intention of finding the number of projects financially supported by the industry, the type of research institution, the industrial company, the topic of the research as classified in the international Anatomic Therapeutic Classification system (ATC), the research phase and the approval status of the drug by the Norwegian Medicines Agency (NMA).

Results: The total number of research projects for the clinical development of drugs for the years 2000 and 2004 was 489, and 75.