Optogenetic control of horizontally acquired genes prevent stuck fermentations in yeast.

Nitrogen limitations in the grape must be the main cause of stuck fermentations during the winemaking process. In , a genetic segment known as region A, which harbors 12 protein-coding genes, was acquired horizontally from a phylogenetically distant yeast species. This region is mainly present in the genome of wine yeast strains, carrying genes that have been associated with nitrogen utilization.

Phenotyping of a new yeast mapping population reveals differences in the activation of the TORC1 signalling pathway between wild and domesticated yeast strains.

Domestication can be understood as a symbiotic relationship that benefits both domesticator and domesticated species, involving multiple genetic changes that configure the phenotype of the domesticated species. One of the most important domesticated species is the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with both domesticated strains used for different fermentations processes for thousands of years and wild strains existing only in environments without human intervention; however, little is known about the phenotypic effects associated with its domestication. In the present work, we studied the effect of domestication on yeast TORC1 activation, a pleiotropic signalling pathway conserved across the eukaryotic domain.

Diffuse lung diseases ascribed to drugs: a nationwide observational study over 37 years using the French pharmacovigilance database.

Background: Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DI-ILD) is a heterogeneous subgroup of interstitial lung diseases (ILD). The number of molecules involved is increasing with time. Due to their low incidence, DI-ILDs may be detected only after a drug has been marketed, notably through Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reports to pharmacovigilance centres.