Characterization and utilization of water treatment sludge for coagulation of raw water.

One of the critical steps in the treatment of raw water for human consumption is clarification. It encompasses coagulation and flocculation to reduce the concentration of suspended solids in turn producing a semi-solid slurry called water treatment sludge (WTS). It is necessary to characterize and find economic and sustainable ways to utilize the WTS.

Cost benefit analysis of a municipal solid waste recycling facility in Soweto, South Africa.

Rapid population and economic growth, changes in consumption pattern etc. have become major contributing factors to severe municipal solid waste generation globally. Thus, various methods are being employed to manage the incessant municipal solid waste generation for a sustainable solid waste management and one of the viable approaches is the recycling option.

Challenges of plastic waste generation and management in sub-Saharan Africa: A review.

Recently, the issues of land-based plastics and their associated challenges in the marine world have been widely publicised in the media and scientific literature. Thus far, despite these communications, there have been few reports that have focused on the issues that acute plastic waste generation and its poor management pose to human health and the global environment. Also, articles on ways to mitigate these issues particularly in sub-Saharan Africa have not been documented.

Municipal solid waste generation and characterization in the City of Johannesburg: A pathway for the implementation of zero waste.

The huge increase generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) has recently become an issue of global concern. This is because waste generation increases as the population increases and the management of this waste has equally become a bit difficult. This study aims at determining the characterization and the pattern of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the City of Johannesburg (CoJ), South Africa.

Torrefaction of landfill food waste for possible application in biomass co-firing.

Greenhouse gas emissions and municipal solid waste management have presented challenges globally. This study aims to produce a high-quality biochar with properties close to bituminous coal from landfill food waste (FW). FW was analyzed by proximate and ultimate analyses to determine its fuel properties and elemental composition before torrefaction.