The reference window for reduced perturbation of the reference wave in electrical biasing off-axis electron holography.

The perturbation of the reference wave due to electric stray fields represents a major challenge in quantitative electron holographic investigations. By introducing a focused-ion-beam-milled rectangular hole, the reference window, in an area of nearly constant electrostatic potential of the sample, this perturbation can be significantly reduced. The edge of the window forms a closed conducting loop, acting similarly to a Faraday cage, shielding the influence of the stray field on the reference wave to some extent.

An investigation into augmentation and preprocessing for optimising X-ray classification in limited datasets: a case study on necrotising enterocolitis.

Purpose: Obtaining large volumes of medical images, required for deep learning development, can be challenging in rare pathologies. Image augmentation and preprocessing offer viable solutions. This work explores the case of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), a rare but life-threatening condition affecting premature neonates, with challenging radiological diagnosis.

Use of individual antihypertensive drug classes and combination therapies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland: a cross-sectional, nationwide study in the years 2019-2021.

Introduction: The 2018 European Society of Cardiology / European Society of Hypertension guidelines recommended the use of combination therapy, especially in the form of single‑pill combinations (SPCs), for treatment of hypertension.

Objectives: We assessed adherence to these recommendations after their publication and during the COVID‑19 pandemic in Poland.

Patients And Methods: The frequencies of using individual antihypertensive drug classes and their combinations were analyzed for the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 in all patients who filled at least 1 prescription for an antihypertensive drug, using information from a database covering all prescriptions filled in Poland.

Long term activity of vemurafenib in cancers with BRAF mutations: the ACSE basket study for advanced cancers other than BRAF-mutated melanoma.

Background: BRAF inhibitors are approved in BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), and thyroid cancer. We report here the efficacy, safety, and long-term results of single-agent vemurafenib given in the AcSé vemurafenib basket study to patients with various BRAF-mutated advanced tumours other than BRAF-mutated melanoma and NSCLC.

Patients And Methods: Patients with advanced tumours other than BRAF melanoma and progressing after standard treatment were eligible for inclusion in nine cohorts (including a miscellaneous cohort) and received oral vemurafenib 960 mg two times daily.

[Towards more informed consent: Making information understandable].

In clinical research and care, information notices are too often reduced to complicated and hard-to-understand mandatory documents. However, every person has the right to transparent and truthful information. These considerations prompted the creation of a multidisciplinary working group in the fall of 2020, headed by the College des relecteurs de l'Inserm.