Traditional foods in the diet of Chukotka natives.

During several medical expeditions the recipes and technology of traditional foods of the indigenous population of Chukotka have been collected. Traditional foods are important sources of fat, protein and essential nutrients. The traditional diet of Chukotka natives consists of caribou meat, marine animals and fish, depending on the place of residence.

[Prevalence of and risk factors for gallstones in female population of Novosibirsk].

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of gallstones and associated factors in female population of Novosibirsk (Western Siberia).

Materials And Methods: A representative sample of 870 women aged 25-64 years was drawn from general population according to WHO "MONICA" protocol. The subjects were screened for the presence of gallstones by gallbladder ultrasonography, completed a questionnaire relating to food and alcohol consumption, smoking, gastrointestinal symptoms and obstetric history.

Dietary fat and disease patterns in Chukotka Native adults.

It is well documented that dietary patterns have been changing for northern indigenous peoples as they adapt to a contemporary lifestyle. Recent dietary research among Chukotka Native adults showed a higher intake of saturated fatty acids (15% of energy) and sugar, and lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (5%) compared with our previous studies. We showed a higher percentage of dietary fat from animal fats (31%) and meat products (28%) than from seafoods and fish, which provide only 11% of daily fat intake.

Nutrition of Chukotka Native children.

We estimated nutrient and food intakes of adolescents aged 14 to 17 who inhabit the coastal and tundra zones of the Chukotka Autonomous Region, Russia, and developed approaches to improving their diet. We reassessed the dietary intakes of Native (n = 162) and non-Native (n = 155) adolescents of both sexes. We found that mean energy and nutrient intakes (protein, fat, carbohydrates) among schoolchildren were similar in different ethnic and sex groups.

A comparison of the diets of Siberian Chukotka and Alaska Native adults and recommendations for improved nutrition, a survey of selected previous studies.

Diet plays an important role in the development of common diseases among Northern indigenous people, i.e. heart disease, cancer, diabetes and iron deficiency.