Sensory cues of predation risk generate sex-specific changes in neural activity and behavior, but not hormones, in Trinidadian guppies.

How an organism responds to risk depends on how that individual perceives such risk. Integrating cues from multiple sensory modalities allows individuals to extract information from their environment, and whether and how the brain and body respond differently to different sensory cues can help reveal mechanistic decision-making processes. Here, we assessed neural, hormonal, and behavioral responses to different sensory cues of predation risk in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata).

The anxiogenic drug yohimbine is a reinforcer in male and female rats.

The indole alkaloid yohimbine is an anxiogenic drug that activates stress-responsive systems in the brain. However, because yohimbine also elicits approach behaviors, this study employed male and female Sprague-Dawley rats to explore its potential reinforcing effects. Thus, it was first determined if intravenous (IV) infusions of yohimbine (0.

Integrative Genetic Variation, DNA Methylation, and Gene Expression Analysis of Escitalopram and Aripiprazole Treatment Outcomes in Depression: A CAN-BIND-1 Study.

Introduction: Little is known about the interplay between genetics and epigenetics on antidepressant treatment (1) response and remission, (2) side effects, and (3) serum levels. This study explored the relationship among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA methylation (DNAm), and mRNA levels of four pharmacokinetic genes, , , , and , and its effect on these outcomes.

Methods: The Canadian Biomarker Integration Network for Depression-1 dataset consisted of 177 individuals with major depressive disorder treated for 8 weeks with escitalopram (ESC) followed by 8 weeks with ESC monotherapy or augmentation with aripiprazole.

Adolescent restraint stress enhances adult nicotine reinforcement in male and female rats.

Adolescent stress is a risk factor for the initiation of nicotine use, but whether adolescent stress can enhance nicotine reinforcement when it is initiated later in adulthood is unknown, and it is unclear whether males and females are equally impacted. Therefore, this study assessed physiological responses (body weight and blood serum corticosterone - CORT) to restraint stress (RS) during adolescence (P28-55) or during adulthood (P70-96) in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. When all subjects reached adulthood (P69 or 110; 2 weeks after termination of stress exposure), they were tested on sucrose preference and intravenous single-dose nicotine (0.

Influence of , , and Gene Variants and Serum Levels of Escitalopram and Aripiprazole on Treatment-Emergent Sexual Dysfunction: A Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression 1 (CAN-BIND 1) Study.

Objectives: Treatment-emergent sexual dysfunction is frequently reported by individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) on antidepressants, which negatively impacts treatment adherence and efficacy. We investigated the association of polymorphisms in pharmacokinetic genes encoding cytochrome-P450 drug-metabolizing enzymes, and , and the transmembrane efflux pump, P-glycoprotein (i.e.