Diffusion-weighted MRI in the identification of renal parenchymal involvement in children with a first episode of febrile urinary tract infection.

Aims: This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) and determine the inter-reader agreement between two expert radiologists in detecting pyelonephritic foci during the initial episode of febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) in children aged 0-5 years. Also, we aim to establish the correlation between clinical data and DW-MRI findings.

Methods: Children aged 0-5 years presenting with their first episode of fUTI were included in the study and underwent DW-MRI and Ultrasound (US) examinations within 72 h of admission.

Case report: Tracing in parallel the salivary and gut microbiota profiles to assist Larotrectinib anticancer treatment for fusion-positive glioblastoma.

Oncotherapy can shape intestinal microbiota, which, in turn, may influence therapy effectiveness. Furthermore, microbiome signatures during treatments can be leveraged for the development of personalised therapeutic protocols in cancer treatment based on the identification of microbiota profiles as prognostic tools. Here, for the first time, the trajectory of gut and salivary microbiota in a patient treated with Larotrectinib, a targeted therapy approved for diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase () gene fusion-positive, has been accurately investigated.

Polystyrene microplastic exposure modulates gut microbiota and gut-liver axis in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata).

Microplastics (MPs) are a threat of growing concern for living organisms as they exist in all ecosystems. The bidirectional communication between the gut, its microbiota, and the liver, has been conceptualized as gut-liver axis and may be influenced by environmental factors. MPs can cause intestinal and hepatic injuries, but there is still limited research exploring their impact on gut-liver axis.

Untargeted metabolomics profiling of Morus alba twigs extract and antibacterial activity of pure metabolites.

Plant natural products offer promise in combating multi-drug resistance by acting as antibacterial agents through various mechanisms. A metabolomic-guided phytochemical investigation, based on a LC-HRMS/MS and Molecular Networking combined approach, was carried out on an extract of M. alba L.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway: a linking bridge between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases.

The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a cytosolic receptor and ligand-activated transcription factor widely expressed across various cell types in the body. Its signaling is vital for host responses at barrier sites, regulating epithelial renewal, barrier integrity, and the activities of several types of immune cells. This makes AHR essential for various cellular responses during aging, especially those governing inflammation and immunity.