Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Psychiatric Disorders in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Case Study.

Inhibiting the facial expression of negative emotions via botulinum toxin A (BTX) has been shown to mitigate symptoms of clinical depression in randomized controlled trials. This retrospective case study sought to reproduce the beneficial effects of BTX in a naturalistic setting for major depressive disorder and collect casuistic data on its effect on other mental disorders. Moreover, we describe symptom development across multiple treatment cycles with BTX, and assess the implementation of additional injection targets in the lower face region.

Establishing a student-run free clinic in a major city in Northern Europe: a 1-year experience from Hamburg, Germany.

Background: Student-Run Free Clinics (SRFCs) have been an integral part of US medical schools since the 1960s and provide health care to underserved populations. In 2018, we established an SRFC in Hamburg, Germany, a major city in Northern Europe. The aim of this study was to describe the central problems and to investigate the usefulness of an SRFC in a country with free access to medical care, such as Germany.

Nanoporous amorphous Ge-Si alloys - unraveling the physics behind ion beam induced morphogenesis.

Despite a high technical relevance and 35 years of observation, self-organized morphogenesis of nanoporous sponge-like amorphous structures during exposure of selected covalent materials to energetic ions is still insufficiently understood. Due to the presence and absence of these effects in amorphous Ge and Si, respectively, the Ge-Si alloy system constitutes an ideal testbed to track down the underlying physics at the atomic scale. This is realized within the present study by a combination of tailored experiments and extensive molecular dynamics computer modeling.

Avoiding Self-Poisoning: A Key Feature for the High Activity of Au/Mg(OH) Catalysts in Continuous Low-Temperature CO Oxidation.

Au/Mg(OH) catalysts have been reported to be far more active in the catalytic low-temperature CO oxidation (below 0 °C) than the thoroughly investigated Au/TiO catalysts. Based on kinetic and in situ infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) measurements, we demonstrate that the comparatively weak interaction of Au/Mg(OH) with CO formed during the low-temperature reaction is the main reason for the superior catalyst performance. This feature enables rapid product desorption and hence continuous CO oxidation at temperatures well below 0 °C.

Nanometer-resolved quantification of mechanical response in nanoparticle-based composites.

Nanocomposites constitute an upcoming class of materials that has enormous potential within a broad range of areas, particularly with regard to mechanical applications. However, the tuning of material properties requires a full understanding of the mechanical response of the nanocomposite across all length scales. While characterization from the micro to macroscale is well established at this point, quantification of mechanical behavior at the nanoscale is still an unresolved challenge.