Noninfectious Granulomatous Lung Disease: Radiological Findings and Differential Diagnosis.

Granulomatous lung diseases (GLDs) are a heterogeneous group of pathological entities that can have different clinical presentations and outcomes. Granulomas are histologically defined as focal aggregations of activated macrophages, Langerhans cells, and lymphocytes, and may form in the lungs when the immune system cannot eliminate a foreign antigen and attempts to barricade it. The diagnosis includes clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, and radiological imaging, which especially consists of high-resolution computed tomography.

Ablation of pulmonary neoplasms: review of literature and future perspectives.

Thermal ablation is a minimally invasive technology used to treat many types of tumors, including lung cancer. Specifically, lung ablation has been increasingly performed for unsurgical fit patients with both early-stage primi-tive lung cancer and pulmonary metastases. Image-guided available techniques include radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, laser ablation and irreversible electroporation.

Cystic lung diseases: radiological aspects.

Cystic lung diseases (CLDs) are a heterogeneous group of pathophysiological entities comprising gas-filled lesions with imperceptible walls, which can occur throughout lung parenchyma. CLDs can arise from different mechanisms and may often have an unpredictable progression. As CLDs are infrequent and may be associated to many different processes, they pose a diagnostic challenge to the radiologist and referring physician.

MDCT Imaging of Non-Traumatic Thoracic Aortic Emergencies and Its Impact on Diagnosis and Management-A Reappraisal.

Non-traumatic thoracic aorta emergencies are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases of the intimomedial layers (aortic dissection and variants) have been grouped under the common term of acute aortic syndrome because they are life-threatening conditions clinically indistinguishable on presentation. Patients with aortic dissection may present with a wide variety of symptoms secondary to the pattern of dissection and end organ malperfusion.