CD300f signalling induces inhibitory human monocytes/macrophages.

The CD300 glycoproteins are a family of related leucocyte surface molecules that regulate the immune response via their paired triggering and inhibitory receptors. Here we studied CD300f, an apoptotic cell receptor, and how it modulates the function of human monocytes and macrophages. We showed that CD300f signalling by crosslinking with anti-CD300f mAb (DCR-2) suppressed monocytes causing upregulation of the inhibitory molecule, CD274 (PD-L1) and their inhibition of T cell proliferation.

Anti-Mouse CD83 Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Mature Dendritic Cells Provides Protection Against Collagen Induced Arthritis.

Antibodies targeting the activation marker CD83 can achieve immune suppression by targeting antigen-presenting mature dendritic cells (DC). This study investigated the immunosuppressive mechanisms of anti-CD83 antibody treatment in mice and tested its efficacy in a model of autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis. A rat anti-mouse CD83 IgG2a monoclonal antibody, DCR-5, was developed and functionally tested in mixed leukocyte reactions, demonstrating depletion of CD83 conventional (c)DC, induction of regulatory DC (DCreg), and suppression of allogeneic T cell proliferation.

Circulating and Endometrial Regulatory T Cell and Related Populations in Endometriosis and Infertility: Endometriosis Is Associated with Blunting of Endometrial Cyclical Effects and Reduced Proportions in Moderate-Severe Disease.

Evidence to date supports regulatory T cell (Treg) alterations in endometriosis; however, the relationship remains unclear, and Tregs have not previously been investigated with respect to infertility in endometriosis. This prospective cross-sectional cohort study details circulating and endometrial tissue-specific disturbances in Tregs and broader gated populations in women of reproductive age with and without endometriosis (n = 57 and 29, respectively) using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Participants were characterised by menstrual cycle phase, r-ASRM endometriosis disease stage and fertility status.

Comprehensive analysis utilizing flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry reveals inflammatory changes in local endometrial and systemic dendritic cell populations in endometriosis.

Study Question: What are the detailed endometrial tissue specific and systemic dendritic cell (DC) subset disturbances in endometriosis?

Summary Answer: This study confirms myeloid DC (mDC) and plasmacytoid DC subsets are readily identified in endometrial tissue and shows both endometrial and circulating differences in DC populations in women with endometriosis, with disease stage-specific relationships evident locally in the endometrium.

What Is Known Already: Immune factors in the uterus, the peritoneal environment and systemically are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of both endometriosis and infertility. While there is some evidence that endometrial DC populations are altered in endometriosis, DC subset involvement in both the endometrium and peripheral blood have not been comprehensively investigated so the functional consequences have been unknown.