Spatial genetic characterization of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the area between the Alps and the Central Dinaric Mountains.

Red fox, Vulpes vulpes, is a globally distributed species characterized by its high adaptability to diverse habitats and a broad range of food resources. This remarkable adaptability has allowed the red fox to thrive in various environments, from urban areas to remote wilderness. In this study, we used a set of microsatellite markers for the comparative genetic analysis of red fox populations from two countries.

Starvation hardiness as preadaptation for life in subterranean habitats.

Most subterranean habitats, especially caves, are considered extreme environments, mainly because of the limited and erratic food supply and constant darkness. In temperate regions, many climatic conditions, such as temperature and air humidity, are periodically less adverse or even more favourable in caves than the harsh seasonal weather on the surface. Accordingly, many animal species search for hibernacula in caves.

Towards understanding partial adaptation to the subterranean habitat in the European cave spider, Meta menardi: An ecocytological approach.

The European cave spider, Meta menardi, is a representative of the troglophiles, i.e. non-strictly subterranean organisms.