Perinatal death in a term fetal growth restriction randomized controlled trial: the paradox of prior risk and consent.

Background: The disproportionate intrauterine growth intervention trial at term was an intention to treat analysis and compared labor induction with expectant monitoring in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction at term and showed equivalence for neonatal outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate trial participation bias and to examine the generalizability of the results of an obstetrical randomized trial.

Study Design: We used data from participants and nonparticipants of a randomized controlled trial-the disproportionate intrauterine growth intervention trial at term (n=1116) -to perform a secondary analysis.

Neonatal outcomes according to actual delivery mode after planned vaginal delivery in women with a twin pregnancy.

Objective: To compare, in women with twin pregnancy with the first twin in cephalic position, neonatal morbidity and mortality rates after actual 1) Vaginal delivery (VD) both twins versus 2) unplanned Cesarean Delivery (CD) of both twins and 3) after VD of twin A and CD of twin B (combined delivery).

Study Design: We describe a nationwide cohort study of women pregnant with twins who planned to deliver vaginally between 32 - 41 weeks with the first twin in cephalic position, between 2000-2012 in the Netherlands. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to compare neonatal morbidity and mortality according to actual mode of delivery, overall, and for preterm and term groups separately.