Transforming Parkinson's Care in Africa (TraPCAf): protocol for a multimethodology National Institute for Health and Care Research Global Health Research Group project.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and, according to the Global Burden of Disease estimates in 2015, was the fastest growing neurological disorder globally with respect to associated prevalence, disability, and deaths. Information regarding the awareness, diagnosis, phenotypic characteristics, epidemiology, prevalence, risk factors, treatment, economic impact and lived experiences of people with PD from the African perspective is relatively sparse in contrast to the developed world, and much remains to be learned from, and about, the continent.

Methods: Transforming Parkinson's Care in Africa (TraPCAf) is a multi-faceted, mixed-methods, multi-national research grant.

A review of movement disorders in persons living with HIV.

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes movement disorders in persons living with HIV (PLH).

Objectives And Methods: We conducted a systematic review on the spectrum of movement disorders in PLH using standard terms for each of the phenomenologies and HIV.

Results: Movement disorders in PLH were commonly attributed to opportunistic infections (OI), dopamine receptor blockade reactions, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), presented during seroconversion, developed due to drug reactions or antiretroviral therapy (ART) itself and lastly, movement disorders occurred as a consequence of the HIV-virus.

Utility of 18F FDG-PET in Parkinsonism in an African population.

Parkinson's Disease remains a diagnostic challenge. Misdiagnosis during life is approximately 25%. Diseases that resemble PD clinically, such as the Parkinsonianplus disorders usually have a poorer prognosis.

Assessment of Bacterial Transfer From Patient to Chiropractor During Spinal Manipulation.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the amount of bacteria that may be transferred from patient to chiropractor during spinal manipulation and the efficacy of decontaminants commonly used by chiropractic practitioners.

Methods: We chose Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa as the location, which is an area with an increased burden of immunocompromised patients resulting from HIV and tuberculosis. In this region, we obtained samples from 40 chiropractors' hands before and after spinal manipulation.

Does antiretroviral therapy alter the course of Parkinson's disease in people living with HIV?

South Africa has the world's largest antiretroviral programme which has resulted in an increase in life expectancy in persons living with HIV. Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder. No data has been published in this setting with regards to the interaction between PD and people infected with HIV.