Bubble-enhanced basanite-tephrite mixing in the early stages of the Cumbre Vieja 2021 eruption, La Palma, Canary Islands.

Syneruptive magma mixing is widespread in volcanic eruptions, affecting explosivity and composition of products, but its evidence in basaltic systems is usually cryptic. Here we report direct evidence of mixing between basanitic and tephritic magmas in the first days of the 2021 Tajogaite eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma. Groundmass glass in tephritic tephra from the fifth day of the eruption is locally inhomogeneous, showing micron-scale filamentary structures of Si-poor and Fe-, Mg-rich melt, forming complex filaments attached to bubbles.

Analysis of the epidemiological profile of congenital hip deformities, 2011-2021.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the relevance of hospitalizations for congenital hip deformities in Bahia.

Methods: This is a retrospective epidemiological study in public databases. Descriptors in health sciences: "congenital hip dysplasia", "congenital hip dislocation", and "congenital dislocation hip".

Mixing between chemically variable primitive basalts creates and modifies crystal cargoes.

Basaltic crystal cargoes often preserve records of mantle-derived chemical variability that have been erased from their carrier liquids by magma mixing. However, the consequences of mixing between similarly primitive but otherwise chemically variable magmas remain poorly understood despite ubiquitous evidence of chemical variability in primary melt compositions and mixing-induced disequilibrium within erupted crystal cargoes. Here we report observations from magma-magma reaction experiments performed on analogues of primitive Icelandic lavas derived from distinct mantle sources to determine how their crystal cargoes respond to mixing-induced chemical disequilibrium.

Improvement of Electron Probe Microanalysis of Boron Concentration in Silicate Glasses.

The determination of low boron concentrations in silicate glasses by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) remains a significant challenge. The internal interferences from the diffraction crystal, i.e.