In between: gypsy in Drosophila melanogaster reveals new insights into endogenous retrovirus evolution.

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that are able to synthesize a DNA copy of their genome and insert it into a chromosome of the host cell. Sequencing of different eukaryote genomes has revealed the presence of many such endogenous retroviral sequences. The mechanisms by which these retroviral sequences have colonized the genome are still unknown, and the endogenous retrovirus gypsy of Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful experimental model for deciphering this process in vivo.

Wolbachia influences the maternal transmission of the gypsy endogenous retrovirus in Drosophila melanogaster.

Unlabelled: The endosymbiotic bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are present in most insects and are maternally transmitted through the germline. Moreover, these intracellular bacteria exert antiviral activity against insect RNA viruses, as in Drosophila melanogaster, which could explain the prevalence of Wolbachia bacteria in natural populations. Wolbachia is maternally transmitted in D.

Lung progenitors from lambs can differentiate into specialized alveolar or bronchiolar epithelial cells.

Background: Airways progenitors may be involved in embryogenesis and lung repair. The characterization of these important populations may enable development of new therapeutics to treat acute or chronic lung disease. In this study, we aimed to establish the presence of bronchioloalveolar progenitors in ovine lungs and to characterize their potential to differentiate into specialized cells.

Un rétrovirus endogène actif et infectieux : le cas gypsy chez Drosophila melanogaster.

Retroviruses are viruses that have the ability to synthesize a DNA copy from their RNA genome and to integrate it in the host genome. Sequencing of eukaryotic genomes has revealed the presence of many of these endogenous retrovirus sequences. The mechanisms by which these sequences colonize the genome are still unknown, and the endogenous retrovirus gypsy of Drosophila melanogaster (D.

Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for bluetongue virus replication and tropism.

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the etiological agent of bluetongue (BT), a hemorrhagic disease of ruminants that can cause high levels of morbidity and mortality. BTV is an arbovirus transmitted between its ruminant hosts by Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Recently, Europe has experienced some of the largest BT outbreaks ever recorded, including areas with no known history of the disease, leading to unprecedented economic and animal welfare issues.