Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses in the United States. Despite having a number of medication options readily available, benzodiazepines (BZs) and antidepressants have achieved remission rates of only 35% after 8 weeks of acute treatment. In the development of new anxiolytics, particularly those that affect the gamma-aminobutyric acid system, it is essential to assess the new compound's potential to cause discontinuation symptoms after stopping the medication as part of both short- and long-term treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of fatality and acquired disability in adolescents. Young, inexperienced drivers are overrepresented in crashes.
Objective: Our goal was to explore the adolescent perspective on driving safety to provide a better understanding of factors that influence safety and teenagers' exposure to driving hazards.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an emergency department (ED)-based home safety intervention on caregivers' behaviors and practices related to home safety.
Methods: We conducted a randomized, clinical trial of 96 consecutive caregivers of children who were younger than 5 years and presented to an urban pediatric ED for evaluation of an acute unintentional injury sustained in the home. After completing a structured home safety questionnaire via face-to-face interview, caregivers were randomly assigned to receive either comprehensive home safety education and free safety devices or focused, injury-specific ED discharge instructions.
Pretreatment with imipramine, buspirone, or placebo was compared in 40 patients meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition criteria for panic disorder and in patients who were discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine use. The average duration of benzodiazepine use was 75 +/- 64 months, and the average benzodiazepine intake expressed as diazepam equivalents was 25.7 +/- 19 mg/d.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Injury, a leading health threat to children, is also a common cause of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in childhood. Most injured children with PTSD are not diagnosed or treated.
Objective: To develop a stand-alone screening tool for use by clinicians during acute trauma care to identify injured children and their parents who are at risk of significant, persistent posttraumatic stress symptoms.