Publications by authors named "F G Pike"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the link between the PNPLA3 gene variant (rs738409 C>G), environmental factors, and liver-related death (LRD) in a sample of 4,361 adults from NHANES III over a mean follow-up of 23 years.
- It finds that the G-allele of PNPLA3 is associated with a significantly increased risk of LRD, particularly when coupled with non-heavy alcohol intake, high cholesterol consumption, and smoking.
- Additionally, a healthy diet (high in monounsaturated fats and coffee) and lower BMI may reduce the risk linked to the G-allele, indicating that lifestyle choices can influence the genetic risk of LRD.
Acute, high-dose radiation exposure results in life-threatening acute radiation syndrome (ARS) and debilitating delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). The DEARE are a set of chronic multi-organ illnesses that can result in early death due to malignancy and other diseases. Animal models have proven essential in understanding the natural history of ARS and DEARE and licensure of medical countermeasures (MCM) according to the FDA Animal Rule.
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- The study examined the significance of changes in liver stiffness measurements (LSM) via vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly focusing on progression to compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) and its association with liver-related events (LREs).
- Out of 1,403 participants, 29% progressed to LSM ≥10 kPa, while 44% showed regression to LSM <10 kPa; those who progressed had a significantly higher rate of LREs (16%) compared to those who did not (4%).
- The findings indicate that monitoring changes in LSM can be a non-invasive
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the outcomes of tracheostomy in children with single ventricle physiology before they undergo the Fontan operation, focusing on a cohort from 21 pediatric care institutions.
- Out of 99 patients reviewed, over half (52%) died, with certain factors like non-respiratory reasons for the tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical ventilation identified as increasing death risk, while specific heart conditions were linked to better survival odds.
- A favorable outcome, defined as surviving to the Fontan operation or being able to decannulate, occurred in just 29% of patients, with those achieving favorable outcomes spending less time on mechanical ventilation before their tracheostomy.
Livelihood initiatives are common within marine protected areas (MPAs) aiming for poverty alleviation or higher income opportunities. However, results can be mixed in reality, as well as change over time. Furthermore, who benefits is a key consideration, as results can vary based on inequalities, including gender.
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