Advancing Gene Discovery for Substance Use Disorders Using Additional Traits Related to Behavioral Disinhibition.

Importance: Substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently co-occur with each other and with other traits related to behavioral disinhibition, a spectrum of outcomes referred to as externalizing. Nevertheless, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) typically study individual SUDs separately. This single-disorder approach ignores genetic covariance between SUDs and other traits and may contribute to the relatively limited genetic discoveries to date.

Bias polarity dependent low-frequency noise in ultra-thin AlO-based magnetic tunnel junctions.

We exploit bias polarity dependent low-frequency noise (LFN) spectroscopy to investigate charge transport dynamics in ultra-thin AlO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with bipolar resistive switching (RS). By measuring the noise characteristics across the entire bias voltage range of bipolar RS, we find that the voltage noise level exhibits an bias polarity dependence. This distinct feature is intimately correlated with reconfiguring of the inherently existing oxygen vacancies ( ) in as-grown MTJ devices during the SET and RESET switching processes.

Artificial Neuron Based on the Bloch-Point Domain Wall in Ferromagnetic Nanowires.

Nanomagnetism and spintronics are currently active areas of research, with one of the main goals being the creation of low-energy-consuming magnetic memories based on nanomagnet switching. These types of devices could also be implemented in neuromorphic computing by crafting artificial neurons (ANs) that emulate the characteristics of biological neurons through the implementation of neuron models such as the widely used leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) with a refractory period. In this study, we have carried out numerical simulations of a 120 nm diameter, 250 nm length ferromagnetic nanowire (NW) with the aim of exploring the design of an artificial neuron based on the creation and destruction of a Bloch-point domain wall.