Bronchodilator responsiveness and future chronic airflow obstruction: a multinational longitudinal study.

Background: Bronchodilator responsiveness testing is mainly used for diagnosing asthma. We aimed to investigate whether it is associated with progression to chronic airflow obstruction over time.

Methods: The multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease cohort study surveyed adults, aged 40 years and above, at baseline and followed them up after a mean of 9.

Brazilian Guidelines on evaluation and clinical management of Nephrolithiasis: Brazilian Society of Nephrology.

The prevalence of nephrolithiasis has been increasing in recent years, affecting appro-ximately 10% and 15% of the population. Kidney stone disease is associated with syste-mic comorbidities such as cardiovascular dis-ease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. The first Nephrolithiasis Guideline by the Brazilian Society of Nephrology was published in 2002, and since then, the accumulation of new clinical studies and guidelines has justified a review of the subject.

Feasibility and Initial Outcomes of Telesurgery in Urology: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Telesurgery allows the procedures to be carried out over long distances, however due to lack of data, its feasibility has not been consolidated yet. Since it is a promising modality, it is important to illustrate the current scenario on this subject.

Objective: To review the literature aiming at the surgical success rate as a primary objective, and secondly, the most important patient outcomes and the network system.

Quantifying lactulose and mannitol using LC-MS/MS in a clinical study of children with environmental enteric disease.

Dysfunction of the intestinal epithelium barrier (DIEB) is frequent and can lead to serious complications in early childhood when diagnosis and clinical intervention are limited, especially in children with environmental enteric disease and malnutrition. The use of refined analytical techniques is increasingly necessary in this context. This study aimed to validate the high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to measure DIEB by lactulose:mannitol ratio detection (LM test) in samples of children with different social profiles from Fortaleza, Ceará.

Difficulties faced by physicians from four European countries in rebutting antivaccination arguments: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Physicians play a critical role in encouraging their patients to get vaccinated, in part by responding to patients' concerns about vaccines. It is, therefore, important to understand what difficulties physicians have in dealing with different concerns they may encounter. The aim of this article was to determine physicians' perceptions of difficulties in rebutting different antivaccination arguments from patients using data collected as part of a cross-sectional, cross-national questionnaire on physicians' vaccine attitudes and behaviours.