Costs of bleeds relating to acute coronary syndrome therapies.

Unlabelled: To estimate the costs to manage selected types of bleeding complications in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with antithrombotics, including antiplatelet, and fibrinolytic therapies: decrease in haemoglobin >3 g/dL, puncture site, and bleeding requiring transfusion of blood products.

Methods: Retrospective chart reviews of ACS patients experiencing decrease in Hb, puncture site, or bleeding requiring transfusion were conducted in hospitals in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Sweden to determine the total length of stay (LOS), stay post-bleeding, procedures to identify the extent of bleeding, number and types of transfusion products, patient demographics, reason for hospital admission and disposition upon discharge. Country-specific costs were applied to estimate the average cost per patient by type of bleeding event.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disease occurring in a patient with sarcoidosis treated by methotrexate and methylprednisolone.

We describe the case of a 51-yr-old man with systemic sarcoidosis, complicated by the occurrence of a lymphoproliferative disease following a 36-month (duration) immunosuppressive treatment with methotrexate (MTX) and methylprednisolone. Four years after the onset of sarcoidosis, the patient presented a large necrotizing anal fistula. Pathological examination of this lesion showed a diffuse polymorphic infiltrate containing large Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoid cells associated with areas of necrosis, all features similar to classical B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders occurring in immunosuppressed solid-organ recipients.

[Comparison of results obtained by laser and conventional instrumentation in vocal surgery. Pseudomyxoma and nodules].

Surgery for pseudomyxoma or laryngeal nodules should always be as conservative as possible. This is obtained both by the use of the laser and conventional surgical techniques, results being analogous from the phoniatric point of view. From the technical aspect, however, the laser is a much simpler procedure.