Cartilage tissue engineering combining microspheroid building blocks and microneedle arrays.

: Scaffold-free cartilage tissue engineering circumvents issues with scaffold seeding, potential toxicity response, and impaired host integration. However, precisely controlling and maintaining a scaffold-free construct shape have been challenging. We explored the feasibility of microneedle arrays to print tissue using cellular microspheroids as building blocks.

Outcomes of Salvage Arthrodesis and Arthroplasty for Failed Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation of the Ankle.

Background: Osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation is a useful treatment for posttraumatic ankle arthritis in young patients, but failure rates are high and reoperations are not uncommon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of failed ankle OCA transplantation converted to ankle arthrodesis (AA) or total ankle arthroplasty (TAA).

Methods: We evaluated 24 patients who underwent salvage procedures (13 AA and 11 TAA) after primary failed ankle OCA transplantation.

Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus: Midterm Follow-up.

Background:: Fresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation represents a biologic restoration technique as an alternative treatment option for larger osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate midterm outcomes after OCA transplantation for the treatment of OLT.

Methods:: Nineteen patients (20 ankles) received partial unipolar OCA transplant for symptomatic OLT between January 1998 and October 2014.

Development of an Murine Osteochondral Repair Model.

Objective: Mouse models are commonly used in research applications due to the relatively low cost, highly characterized strains, as well as the availability of many genetically modified phenotypes. In this study, we characterized an murine osteochondral repair model using human infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) progenitor cells.

Design: Femurs from euthanized mice were removed and clamped in a custom multidirectional vise to create cylindrical osteochondral defects 0.

lrpap1 as a specific marker of proximal pronephric kidney tubuli in Xenopus laevis embryos.

LRPAP1, also known as receptor associated protein (RAP) is a small protein of 40 kDa associated with six of the seven members of the evolutionary conserved family of LDL receptors. Numerous studies showed that LRPAP1 has a dual function, initially as a chaperone insuring proper formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds during biogenesis of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors and later as an escort protein during trafficking through the endoplasmic reticulum and the early Golgi compartment, preventing premature interaction of receptor and ligand. Because of the general influence of LRPAP1 protein on lipid metabolism, we analyzed the temporal and spatial expression of the Xenopus laevis ortholog of lrpap1.