Ginger Extract Reduces Chronic Morphine-Induced Neuroinflammation and Glial Activation in Nucleus Accumbens of Rats.

Background: Chronic usage of morphine elicits the production of inflammatory factors by glial cells and induces neuroinflammation. Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) is a medicinal herb that has anti-inflammatory properties. It has been reported that ginger shows anti-addictive effects against chronic usage of morphine; however, its influence on morphine-induced neuroinflammation has not yet been clarified.

The Influence of Post Bleaching Treatments in Stain Absorption and Microhardness.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of post bleaching treatments to prevent restaining and the change of enamel surface microhardness after dental bleaching in vitro.

Methods: Sixty intact human incisor teeth were stained in tea solution and randomly assigned into four groups (n=15). Then samples were bleached for two weeks (8 hours daily) by 15% carbamide peroxide.

Effect of nano silver and silver nitrate on seed yield of (Ocimum basilicum L.).

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano silver and silver nitrate on yield of seed in basil plant. The study was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications.

Results: Four levels of either silver nitrate (0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm) or nano silver (0, 20, 40, and 60 ppm) were sprayed on basil plant at seed growth stage.

In vitro effects of different moisture level and curing method on microleakage of resin cements to pulp chamber dentine.

This study evaluated the microleakage of resin cements in the pulp chamber dentin. Fifty specimens of sound human molars were divided into five groups. Composite cores cemented using Clearfil SA Luting in the first group to a dried dentin and in the second group to a moistened dentin and then light-cured.

The clinical investigation of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) schrad fruit in treatment of Type II diabetic patients: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad fruit is an herbal medicine used by traditional herbalists for the treatment of diabetes in Iran. To determine its efficacy and toxicity, a 2 month clinical trial was conducted in 50 type II diabetic patients.