Exposure to airborne particulate matter and undernutrition in young rats: An in-depth histopathological and biochemical study on lung and excretory organs.

Environmental stressors, such as air particulate matter (PM) and nutrient deficiencies, can significantly impact crucial organs involved in detoxifying xenobiotics, including lungs, liver, and kidneys, especially in vulnerable populations like children. This study investigated the effect of 4-week exposure to Residual Oil Fly Ash (ROFA) on these organs in young rats under growth-restricted nutrition (NGR). We assessed histological, histomorphometric and biochemical parameters.

Chronic exposure to TiO micro- and nano particles: A biochemical and histopathological experimental study.

The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of long-term exposure to titanium dioxide (TiO) micro- (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) (six and 12 months) on the biochemical and histopathological response of target organs using a murine model. Male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with a suspension of TiO NPs (5 nm; TiO-NP5 group) or MPs (45 μm; TiO-NP5 group); the control group was injected with saline solution. Six and 12 months post-injection, titanium (Ti) concentration in plasma and target organs was determined spectrometrically (ICP-MS).

Air pollution induces morpho-functional, biochemical and biomechanical vascular dysfunction in undernourished rats.

Air pollution (gases and particulate matter -PM) and child undernutrition are globally recognized stressors with significant consequences. PM and its components breach the respiratory alveolar-capillary barrier, entering the vasculature transporting not only harmful particles and its mediators but, altering vascular paracrine and autocrine functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Residual Oil Fly Ash (ROFA), on the vasculature of young animals with nutritional growth retardation (NGR).

Sweet swell of burning fat: emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in energy homeostasis.

Purpose Of Review: Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), plays a central role in energy homeostasis. Mechanisms underlying the relationship between energy homeostasis and HDL however remain poorly studied.

Recent Findings: Available evidence reveals that HDL is implicated in energy homeostasis.

Impaired HDL-associated enzymes and proteins in children and adolescents with weight disorders and their association with novel cardiometabolic indexes.

Background And Aims: Overweight/obesity (OW/OB) is associated with modifications in lipoprotein (Lp)-associated enzymes and proteins, such as cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), Lp-associated phospholipase A (LpPLA) and paraoxonase (PON)1. No evidence is available regarding underweight (UW). The following indexes have been proposed to better assess atherogenic risk related to weight alterations: triglycerides-glucose index (TyG), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and height-corrected lipid accumulation product (HLAP).