Nateglinide or gliclazide in combination with metformin for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on maximum doses of metformin alone: 1-year trial results.

Aim: To compare long-term efficacy and safety of nateglinide plus metformin with those of gliclazide plus metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes not adequately controlled with metformin monotherapy.

Methods: Double-blind, double-dummy, multicentre study extended to a total of 52 weeks. Patients with inadequate glucose control on maximal doses of metformin were randomized to nateglinide (N = 133) or gliclazide (N = 129) add-on treatment.

Efficacy and tolerability of initial combination therapy with vildagliptin and pioglitazone compared with component monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare efficacy and tolerability of initial combination therapy with vildagliptin/pioglitazone to component monotherapy.

Methods: This 24-week, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study assessed the effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor vildagliptin (100 mg q.d.

Comparison of nateglinide and gliclazide in combination with metformin, for treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on maximum doses of metformin alone.

Aim: To compare the effects of nateglinide plus metformin with gliclazide plus metformin on glycaemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, randomized, multicentre study over 24 weeks. Patients with inadequate glucose control on maximal doses of metformin were randomized to additionally receive nateglinide (n = 133) or gliclazide (n = 129).

Mechanism of interaction between neuropeptide Y and angiotensin II in the rabbit femoral artery.

Neuropeptide Y has direct vasoconstrictor actions and potentiates the effects of other vasoconstrictor agents. To find out whether both effects of neuropeptide Y are mediated via the same receptor and intracellular mechanism, the interaction between neuropeptide Y and angiotensin II was studied in rabbit femoral arteries. In this preparation, neuropeptide Y, but not its 13-36 fragment, induced constriction.

Interactions between NPY and its receptor: assessment using ant-NPY antibodies.

The present data show that monoclonal antibodies (NPY02, NPY03, NPY04, NPY05) directed against 4 distinct epitopes on NPY may have different actions on NPY binding and NPY-induced cellular responses. NPY02 and NPY05 recognize the 11-24 and 32-36 amidated form of NPY, respectively. These 2 antibodies block the binding of NPY to its receptor as well as the NPY-induced inhibition of cAMP accumulation caused in SK-N-MC cells by forskolin.