The South African guidelines on enuresis: 2024 update.

Background: Enuresis, also referred to as nocturnal enuresis, is characterised by discrete episodes of urinary incontinence during sleep in children aged ≥5 years in the absence of congenital or acquired neurological disorders. This guideline is an update of the 2017 version.

Recommendations: The guideline provides recommendations and suggestions for various therapeutic options for enuresis available in South Africa (SA).

Exploring affinity between organic probes and Prussian Blue Analogues via inverse gas chromatography.

Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs), which are characterized by their open structure, high stability, and non-toxic properties, have recently been the subject of research for various applications, including their use as electrode precursors for capacitive deionization, gas storage, and environmental purification. These materials can be readily tailored to enhance their affinity towards gases for integration with sensing devices. An improved understanding of PBA-gas interactions is expected to enhance material development and existing sensor deposition schemes greatly.

Ultrafast, Selective, and Highly Sensitive Nonchromatographic Analysis of Fourteen Cannabinoids in Cannabis Extracts, Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Synthetic Mixtures, and Edibles by Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry.

The diversity of cannabinoid isomers and complexity of Cannabis products pose significant challenges for analytical methodologies. In this study, we developed a method to analyze 14 different cannabinoid isomers in diverse samples within milliseconds by leveraging the unique adduct-forming behavior of silver ions in advanced cyclic ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry. The developed method achieved the separation of isomers from four groups of cannabinoids: Δ3-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (), Δ8-THC (), Δ9-THC (), cannabidiol (CBD) (), Δ8-iso-THC (), and Δ(4)8-iso-THC () (all MW = 314); 9α-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (), 9β-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (), and 8-hydroxy-iso-THC () (all MW = 332); tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) () and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) () (both MW = 358); Δ8-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) (), Δ8-iso-THCV (), and Δ9-THCV () (all MW = 286).

Comprehensive cannabinoid profiling of acid-treated CBD samples and Δ-THC-infused edibles.

Δ-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) is increasingly popular as a controversial substitute for Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) in cannabinoid-infused edibles. Δ-THC is prepared from cannabidiol (CBD) by treatment with acids. Side products including Δ-THC and other isomers that might end up in Δ-THC edibles are less studied.

Strategies to enhance the approach to prostate cancer screening of South African black men in the Free State: a Delphi study.

Background: The incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer (PCa) are disproportionately on the increase among South African black men. Recent studies show a greater net benefit of prostate-specific antigen screening of black men compared with the general population. There are, however, knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) gaps among primary healthcare providers (HCPs) and users (black men) on PCa screening.