Arthroscopic evaluation of anatomical variations of the oblique popliteal ligament and their association with popliteal cyst formation.

Introduction: The posteromedial compartment of the knee houses several important anatomical structures, including the oblique popliteal ligament (OPL), an accessory insertion tendon of the semimembranosus muscle. Popliteal cysts develop from the synovial bursa located between the medial gastrocnemius and the semimembranosus, typically secondary to intra-articular pathologies causing effusion. This study aimed to describe the normal anatomy of the postero-medial capsule of the knee and its anatomical variations, particularly in the presence of popliteal cysts.

Novel determinants of NOTCH1 trafficking and signaling in breast epithelial cells.

The evolutionarily conserved Notch signaling pathway controls cell-cell communication, enacting cell fate decisions during development and tissue homeostasis. Its dysregulation is associated with a wide range of diseases, including congenital disorders and cancers. Signaling outputs depend on maturation of Notch receptors and trafficking to the plasma membrane, endocytic uptake and sorting, lysosomal and proteasomal degradation, and ligand-dependent and independent proteolytic cleavages.

Assessment of photon and proton-induced activation in particles accelerators.

Nuclear activation affects all operating, future, or dismantled particle accelerators used in various fields, from medical applications to industrial applications. This work is concerned with the study of the radioactivity induced in various materials (Sc, Cu, Tb, Ta, W, Au) irradiated by hard Bremsstrahlung photons from an electron beam and by secondary neutrons induced by a proton beam. In both cases, the primary beam features an 18 MeV kinetic energy.

Reproducibility of the Mayo and Schatzker classification systems in proximal ulna fractures.

Introduction: A fracture classification system should provide a reliable and reproducible means of communication between different parties. It should be logical and understandable, with few categories to memorize. The aim of this study was to determine the intra- and interobserver reliability of the Schatzker and Mayo classification systems for the assessment of proximal ulna fractures.

Nutritional Strategies to Prevent Muscle Loss and Sarcopenia in Chronic Kidney Disease: What Do We Currently Know?

Loss of muscle mass is an extremely frequent complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The etiology of muscle loss in CKD is multifactorial and may depend on kidney disease itself, dialysis, the typical chronic low-grade inflammation present in patients with chronic kidney disease, but also metabolic acidosis, insulin resistance, vitamin D deficiency, hormonal imbalances, amino acid loss during dialysis, and reduced dietary intake. All these conditions together increase protein degradation, decrease protein synthesis, and lead to negative protein balance.