Soft-tissue complications after facial feminization bone surgery.

The soft tissues have a considerable impact on whether the results of facial feminization surgery are favorable. Complications or suboptimal results related to the soft tissue may be due to poor choice of surgical approach, improper execution of the surgical technique, a lack of assistance when resuspending the soft tissues during closure, or deficient readaptation of the overlying soft tissue to the new bone contour. This article identifies the possible poor soft-tissue outcomes that may occur after facial feminization bone surgery, describing strategies to prevent them and treatment alternatives.

[Advanced Surgical Techniques in Forehead Feminization and Hairline Redefinition].

Facial Gender-Affirming Surgery (FGAS) has emerged as a transformative option for individuals who wish to align their external appearance with their asserted gender identity. This article delves into the surgical techniques employed in forehead feminization and hairline redefinition, highlighting the nuanced approaches used to modify specific facial characteristics to achieve the desired feminizing outcomes. Our extensive experience, encompassing over 2300 forehead feminization surgeries conducted over the past 16 years, provides a robust foundation for understanding the complexities and intricacies of these procedures.

Secondary Facial Gender Surgery: Causes of Poor Outcomes and Strategies for Avoidance and Correction.

Facial feminization surgery covers a broad spectrum of procedures across both hard and soft tissues. Despite the fact that this is a decidedly predictable surgery, because of the high demand for the procedures, a growing number of patients are requiring revision surgery, whether to correct unexpected results or to treat mid-term to long-term functional and aesthetic complications. This Special Topic article categorizes unsatisfactory outcomes encountered after forehead surgery, lower jaw surgery, and thyroid chondroplasty; key steps to avoid these pitfalls; and strategies for structured analysis and operative planning in revision cases.

Shaping the Lower Jaw Border with Customized Cutting Guides: Development, Validation, and Application in Facial Gender-Affirming Surgery.

Three-dimensional planning software is not standardized in facial gender-affirming surgery. To develop and validate surgical planning software to create cutting guides to contour the lower jaw border. A 3-year prospective case series study done in three phases: software development, validation, and surgical guide application.

Facial Gender Confirmation Surgery: The Lower Jaw. Description of Surgical Techniques and Presentation of Results.

Background: Of the primary procedures associated with facial gender confirmation surgery, those involving the mentomandibular complex have received the least attention in the literature.

Methods: The authors present their experience with 837 trans feminine patients operated on for facial gender confirmation surgery who underwent mandibular bone contouring procedures, including bone contouring, chin and mandibular body and angle ostectomies, and osteotomies to reposition the chin. The authors describe the surgical techniques and materials used, and present a customized lower border-supported cutting guide designed by their team and used with 205 patients.