As of now, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread to over 770 million confirmed cases and caused approximately 7 million deaths. While several vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have been developed and deployed, natural selection against immune recognition of viral antigens by antibodies has fueled the evolution of new emerging variants and limited the immune protection by vaccines and mAb. To optimize the efficiency of mAb, it is imperative to understand how they neutralize the variants of concern (VoCs) and to investigate the mutations responsible for immune escape.
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