Medulloblastoma Molecular Subgrouping and Outcomes Data of a Single Center From a Low- and Middle-Income Country.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant childhood brain tumor. Molecular subgrouping of MB has become a major determinant of management in high-income countries. Subgrouping is still very limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and its relevance to management with the incorporation of risk stratification (low risk, standard risk, high risk, and very high risk) has yet to be evaluated in this setting.

Frequency and Impact of Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Patients With High-Grade Glioma, a Retrospective Analysis of 7 Years in Pakistan: an IRRDC Study.

Purpose: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a genetic cancer predisposition syndrome among children and young adults. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of CMMRD among patients with pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) in a single tertiary care center in Pakistan, a country with high consanguinity rates.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the data of patients age <18 years with pHGG, anaplastic astrocytoma, and diffuse midline glioma (DMG) with CMMRD testing between 2016 and 2023.

Androgen deprivation therapy use and the risk of heart failure in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aim: We aimed in this study to investigate the relationship between Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) use and the risk of heart failure in patients with prostate cancer. In this research, the negative or positive effects of ADT in the development of cardiovascular diseases or its exacerbation in people with prostate cancer have been investigated.

Materials And Methods: For this research, we reviewed articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases until February 2024.

Optimized nano-scaled drain- and gate-engineered Schottky barrier MOSFET with improved ambipolarity and RF characteristics.

In this work, a novel Schottky Barrier MOSFET (SB-MOSFET) structure is presented. The proposed device consists of a dual-material gate and electrostatically doped drain, and the device is denoted as Gate and Drain Engineered Schottky Barrier MOSFET (GDE-SBMOSFET). The use of a dual-material gate and electrostatically doped drain enhances the ON state performance and short channel performance, respectively, in comparison to state-of-the-art devices.

Ethics challenges in implementing the International Health Regulations in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Pakistan, with its diverse points of entry, faced several challenges with implementing the International Health Regulations (IHR) ethically during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: To explore the perceptions of point of entry health workers regarding the ethics challenges in implementing the IHR during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: From December 2022 to March 2023, this qualitative study conducted 10 focused group discussions and key informant interviews with 40 participants from 10 points of entry in Pakistan and reviewed COVID-19 containment guidelines.