Which field test should be used to compare the functional exercise capacities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy? Cross-sectional study.

Background: The 6-minute step test (6MST) has begun to be used as a simple and effective alternative for assessing functional exercise capacity. There is no study using 6MSTs to evaluate the exercise capacities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Objective: To compare the cardiorespiratory responses of the 6-minute walk test (MWT) and the 6MST exercise tests and to analyze the usability of the 6MST in Type 2 DM patients with and without neuropathy.

The association of antiviral drugs with COVID-19 morbidity: The retrospective analysis of a nationwide COVID-19 cohort.

Background And Objectives: Although several repurposed antiviral drugs have been used for the treatment of COVID-19, only a few such as remdesivir and molnupiravir have shown promising effects. The objectives of our study were to investigate the association of repurposed antiviral drugs with COVID-19 morbidity.

Methods: Patients admitted to 26 different hospitals located in 16 different provinces between March 11-July 18, 2020, were enrolled.

The predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a nationwide cohort of Turkish patients.

The COVID-19-related death rate varies between countries and is affected by various risk factors. This multicenter registry study was designed to evaluate the mortality rate and the related risk factors in Turkey. We retrospectively evaluated 1500 adults with COVID-19 from 26 centers who were hospitalized between March 11 and July 31, 2020.

COVID-19 Pandemic Action Plan of a University Hospital.

In December 2019, in Wuhan, China, scientists observed a sudden and sharp increase in the number of cases of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome of an unknown origin. By the end of January 2020, the outbreak had spread to Asia, Europe, America, and Australia. In this article, we have outlined the pandemic action plan of our university hospital.

Machine Learning Models for Classification of Cushing's Syndrome Using Retrospective Data.

Accurate classification of Cushing's Syndrome (CS) plays a critical role in providing the early and correct diagnosis of CS that may facilitate treatment and improve patient outcomes. Diagnosis of CS is a complex process, which requires careful and concurrent interpretation of signs and symptoms, multiple biochemical test results, and findings of medical imaging by physicians with a high degree of specialty and knowledge to make correct judgments. In this article, we explore the state of the art machine learning algorithms to demonstrate their potential as a clinical decision support system to analyze and classify CS to facilitate the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CS.

Applying postoperative radioiodine therapy before 3 months seems to decrease ablation success in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Objectives: Radioiodine can be applied for remnant ablation in low and low to intermediate-risk patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). A controversy still exists about the application time interval of radioiodine following total thyroidectomy. In this study, we investigated the effect of radioiodine (RAI) therapy timing on the success rates of the ablation.

Clinical and demographic aspects of Paget disease of bone: A multicentric study from Turkey.

Objective: Paget disease of bone (PDB) is a metabolic bone disease that has been rarely reported in the Eastern countries. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with PDB followed up at endocrinology clinics in Turkey.

Methods: An invitation was sent to tertiary endocrinology clinics to complete a survey on the demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory parameters, as well as treatment modalities of patients with PDB.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI-TR).

Materials And Methods: The study included 127 patients aged 45–76 years who were previously diagnosed with type 1 or 2 diabetes. Stability of the instrument was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient.

The relationship between urotensin II and insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Aim: Urotensin II (UII), a pluripotent vasoactive peptide, plays a crucial role in development of insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance. The aims of the current study were to compare UII levels in women with or without GDM and to investigate the relationship between UII and insulin resistance in women with GDM.

The prevalence and systemic risk factors of diabetic macular edema: a cross-sectional study from Turkey.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of diabetic macular edema (DME) utilizing optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to clarify the effects of the systemic findings and risk factors on the development of DME.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the departments of ophthalmology and endocrinology at the Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine in Izmir, Turkey. The demographics, type and duration of diabetes mellitus, treatment modality, smoking and alcohol consumption habits, as well as the systemic blood pressure, renal functional tests, hemoglobulin A1c level, serum lipid profile, and 24-h urine albumin level were noted and statistically analyzed.

Elevated urinary levels of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine, (5'R)- and (5'S)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosines, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F as potential biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with prediabetes.

Prediabetes is the preclinical stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with intermediate state of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia results in a state of oxidative stress, which may contribute to the production of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and long-term complications of diabetes. Novel approaches are required for prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Roles of ultrasound and power Doppler ultrasound for diagnosis of Hashimoto thyroiditis in anti-thyroid marker-positive euthyroid subjects.

Purpose: The present study was performed to investigate the contribution of ultrasonographic (US) findings to diagnosis in anti-thyroid marker-positive patients with normal hormone levels among euthyroid subjects with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Methods: Forty premenopausal euthyroid patients with a median age of 32 years (range, 20-44 years) with normal levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4), and elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies were enrolled in this study. A control group of 46 healthy individuals with a median age of 29 years (range, 18-43 years) was composed of randomly selected volunteers.

Circulating apelin levels are associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in women with previous gestational diabetes.

Purpose: Women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) are at high risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. In this study, we aimed to compare plasma apelin levels between women with and without pGDM, and to investigate the possible association of apelin with cardiometabolic risk factors.

Methods: Among 252 consecutive Caucasian women with GDM being included in a prospective postpartum follow-up protocol, 141 women eligible for the study protocol were enrolled.

Insulin need in gestational diabetes is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk profile after pregnancy.

Objective: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treated with insulin are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes after pregnancy compared to mild GDM cases treated with medical nutrition treatment (MNT) alone. We aimed to compare levels of subclinical atherosclerosis markers in women with previous GDM treated with insulin and MNT alone.

Methods: Eighty-one women with previous GDM (45 treated with insulin, 36 treated with MNT) and 35 age-matched lean controls were included.

Acute phase reactants predict the risk of amputation in diabetic foot infection.

Background: prediction of amputation would aid clinicians in the management of diabetic foot infections. We aimed to assess the predictive value of baseline and post-treatment levels of acute phase reactants in the outcome of patients with diabetic foot infections.

Methods: we collected data prospectively during minimum follow-up of 6 months in patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers hospitalized in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital between January 1, 2003, and January 1, 2008.

The levels of soluble CD40 ligand and C-reactive protein in normal weight, overweight and obese people.

Objective: Obesity has been suggested as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence shows that engagement of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) with its receptor plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to test whether obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation as measured by serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and sCD40L concentration.

The effect of creatinine clearance on the short-term outcome of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers.

Reduced creatinine clearance is related to an increased risk for diabetic foot ulcer development. Wound healing has been reported to be worse in diabetic patients with impaired kidney functions than general diabetic population. This study aimed to investigate the effect of creatinine clearance on the short-term outcome of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers.

Incidence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid cancer in renal transplant recipients: a single center experience.

Background: The prevalence of thyroid cancer in renal transplant population has not been widely studied, and there is no consensus on the management of thyroid cancer in transplant patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in thyroid hormone levels and investigate the incidence of the thyroid cancer after renal transplantation.

Materials And Methods: From October 1989 to April 2007, 122 renal allograft recipients that were being followed underwent thyroid ultrasonography to determine nodules together with thyroid hormone levels.

Predictors of amputation in diabetics with foot ulcer: single center experience in a large Turkish cohort.

Objective: Prediction of diabetic foot ulcer outcome may be helpful for clinicians in optimizing and individualizing management strategy. The aim of the present study was to examine the possibility of predicting the outcome of patients with diabetic foot ulcers by using easily assessed clinical and laboratory parameters at baseline.

Design: In this observational study, data were collected prospectively in 670 consecutive diabetic foot ulcer episodes in 510 patients examined between January 1999 and June 2008 and were used to evaluate potential predictors of amputation retrospectively.

Enhanced levels of soluble CD40 ligand and C-reactive protein in a total of 312 patients with metabolic syndrome.

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with a systemic inflammatory response that plays an important pathogenetic role in atherothrombotic disease. Increasing evidence indicates that CD40-CD40 ligand interactions constitute an important mediator for vascular inflammation. The purpose of this study was to assess whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) levels were increased in patients with MS.

Adrenal incidentaloma, clinical, metabolic, follow-up aspects: single centre experience.

To investigate clinical characteristics, metabolic parameters and follow-up findings of subjects with incidentally discovered adrenal tumors. 376 consecutive subjects who have been evaluated since 2002 were included. Initial radiological examination was CT.

Allergic reactions to human insulin: a review of current knowledge and treatment options.

Although the incidence of insulin allergy decreased after the introduction of recombinant human insulin preparations, it is still a major problem which may be life-threatening in some cases. In this article, we attempted to review current knowledge concerning allergic reactions to human insulin and discuss the available treatment options of insulin allergy.

Hypercalcemia due to Graves' disease in a patient with thyroid hemiagenesis.

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare anomaly due to failure of development of one thyroid lobe during embryological life. A lot of thyroid disorders may accompany thyroid hemiagenesis. In this report, we present a case of thyroid hemiagenesis, who had moderate hypercalcemia due to Graves' disease.

Soluble CD40 ligand, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor-1-antigen in normotensive type 2 diabetic subjects without diabetic complications. Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone.

Objective: To evaluate subclinical inflammation and fibrinolysis in low-risk type 2 diabetic subjects and to assess the efficacy of metformin and rosiglitazone in this group.

Subjects And Methods: Sixty-one normotensive, normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic subjects without diabetes-related complications were included in a 4-week standardization period with glimepiride. After the standardization period, 21 subjects were excluded and the remaining 40 were randomly divided into two groups matched for age, gender, body mass index and disease duration.