Aflibercept or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the primary substance involved in retinal barrier breach. VEGF overexpression may cause diabetic macular edema (DME). Laser photocoagulation of the macula is the standard treatment for DME; however, recently, intravitreal anti-VEGF injections have surpassed laser treatment.

Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy versus combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy in primary congenital glaucoma.

Background: The primary mode of therapy in children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and mild or no corneal edema is goniotomy, which has a high success rate. However, in developing countries, the diagnosis of PCG is usually delayed, and corneal cloudiness interferes with goniotomy. Therefore, trabeculotomy may be the best choice in such eyes.

Anterior lamellar recession versus bilamellar tarsal rotation in upper lid cicatricial trichiasis.

Purpose: In recent years, there has been a significant shift from this destructive procedure to a reconstructive procedure such as anterior lamellar recession (ALR) and bilamellar tarsal rotation (BLTR). The aim is to report the outcomes and success rates of ALR compared to BLTR in patients with upper lid cicatricial trichiasis.

Materials And Methods: Our study is a prospective, interventional, comparative study that was conducted at the Ophthalmology Department of Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta, Egypt.

Suprachoroidal triamcinolone versus posterior subtenon triamcinolone either alone or formulated in the management of diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: This study aims to compare posterior subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection either formulated or alone versus suprachoroidal triamcinolone in the management of diabetic macular edema.

Methods: This study is a prospective interventional study that included 75 patients, divided into three groups, each group with 25 patients. Group I received a combination of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) (40 mg) and VISCOAT, which is a combination of sodium chondroitin sulfate (20 mg) and sodium hyaluronate (15 mg).

Modified Anterior Lamellar Recession for All Grades of Upper Eyelid Trachomatous Cicatricial Entropion.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the combination of anterior lamellar recession (ALR) with blepharoplasty, suprasternal fixation, and internal eyelash bulb extirpation of aberrant lashes posteriorly located in patients with any grade of upper eyelid trachomatous cicatricial entropion.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the clinical data of eighty-six patients (143 eyelids) including age, gender, systemic medical illnesses, and comprehensive ophthalmological assessment. Eyelid evaluation was recorded, including laterality, previous surgical technique used, possible trichiasis etiology, abnormality of the lid margin, tarsal plate consistency (shrinkage or loosening), skin fold overhanging, laxity of the pretarsal skin, margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1), lagophthalmos, and lid retraction.

Eco-Friendly, Simple, Fast, and Sensitive UPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Pexidartinib in Plasma and Its Application to Metabolic Stability.

Pexidartinib is the first drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifically to treat the rare joint tumor tenosynovial giant cell tumor.

In silico study and biological screening of benzoquinazolines as potential antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, and fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans.

Globally, antibiotic-resistant pathogens have become a serious threat to public health. The use of drugs having structures different from those applied in the clinical treatments of bacterial infections is a well-known potential solution to the antibiotic resistance crisis. Benzo-[g]-quinazolines were identified by our research group as a new class of antimicrobial agents.

Eco-Friendly UPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of a Fostamatinib Metabolite, Tamatinib, in Plasma: Pharmacokinetic Application in Rats.

Fostamatinib is a prodrug of the active metabolite tamatinib, which is a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor used in the treatment of primary chronic adult immune thrombocytopenia and rheumatoid arthritis. A highly sensitive, rapid, reliable, and green method was developed and validated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for quantification of tamatinib in rat plasma. Ibrutinib was used as internal standard and liquid-liquid extraction was applied using tert-butyl methyl ether.

Improving the Solubilization and Bioavailability of Arbidol Hydrochloride by the Preparation of Binary and Ternary β-Cyclodextrin Complexes with Poloxamer 188.

In the current study, the effect of poloxamer 188 on the complexation efficiency and dissolution of arbidol hydrochloride (ADL), a broad-spectrum antiviral agent, with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was investigated. Phase solubility studies confirmed a stoichiometry of a 1:1 ratio for both ADL:β-CD and ADL/β-CD with a 1% poloxamer 188 system with an AL type of phase solubility curve. The stability constants (K1:1) calculated from the AL type diagram were 550 M-1 and 2134 M-1 for AD:β-CD and ADL/β-CD with 1% poloxamer 188, respectively.

An Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Tandem-Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination of Multiclass Pharmaceuticals in Water Sample by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined with Ultrasound Assisted Reverse Extraction from Solidified Floating Organic Droplets.

A novel, simple, and reliable ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS ) assay based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by ultrasound-assisted reverse extraction from solidified floating organic droplets was established for determination of multiclass pharmaceuticals in the water sample. Six commonly used drugs of various therapeutic classes: ibuprofen, ketorolac, lamotrigine, propranolol, pantoprazole, and losartan were extracted from water samples by using 50 μL 1-undecanol as extracting solvent and 400 μL acetonitrile as dispersive solvent. After collecting the floating organic droplets by cold centrifugation, an ultrasound-assisted back extraction procedure was performed to make the sample compatible for UPLC-MS/MS analysis.

A simple and sensitive HILIC-based UHPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying of rivaroxaban in dried blood spots: Application in comparison with the plasma sample method.

Rivaroxaban, indicated for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and coronary or peripheral artery disease, is one of the most frequently used direct oral anticoagulants. Therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM] is essential to minimize bleeding and thrombosis during personalized rivaroxaban treatment. An efficient and reliable analytical technique is required to quatify the rivaroxaban during its therapeutic indication.

(Guss.) N.E.Br.: Anti-Inflammatory, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Activities against Nosocomial Antibiotic-Resistant Microbes of Chemically Characterized Fractions.

(Guss.) N.E.

var. (L.) and var. (Ball) Maire: Correlation between Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts.

In this work, two varieties of (L.) including var. (L.

Curative Effect of Catechin Isolated from Thunb. Berries for Diabetes and Related Complications in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Model.

In this study, catechin (CTN) isolated from was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant potential and inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase). The compound was also tested for its in vivo antidiabetic potential using Sprague-Dawley rats as experimental animals. The effects of various doses of catechin in STZ (Streptozotocin) induced diabetic rats on fasting blood glucose level, body weight, lipid parameters, hepatic enzymes, and renal functions were evaluated using the reported protocols.

L. (Mustard) NanoParticles and Knocking off Oxidative Stress, ProInflammatory Cytokine and Reverse DNA Genotoxicity.

is one of the main vital tasks performed by the liver. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether mustard in its normal or nanoparticles could confer a protective/therapeutic effect against TAA-induced acute liver failure in experimental animal models. Mustard ethanolic extract was analyzed by HPLC/MS.

(L): Chemical Composition, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Wound Healing Properties.

Background: () is a wild species belonging to the family Asteraceae, which is used in traditional medicines.

Aim Of The Study: This work was undertaken to study the chemical composition, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of different parts (roots, seeds, leaves, and capitula) of Material and Methods: The phytochemical analysis of the studied extracts was conducted by GC-MS. The analgesic activity was evaluated in mice using acetic acid and formaldehyde methods.

In-Vivo Antidiabetic Activity and In-Silico Mode of Action of LC/MS-MS Identified Flavonoids in Oleaster Leaves.

Background: L. subsp. var.

Charge Transfer Complex of Neostigmine with 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-Dicyano-1,4-Benzoquinone: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Theoretical Study.

Background: Electron donor-acceptor interactions are important molecular reactions for the activity of pharmacological compounds. The aim of the study is to develop a charge transfer (CT) complex: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity, and theoretical study.

Method And Results: A solid CT complex of neostigmine (NSG) with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) was synthesized and characterized by infrared spectra, NMR, and UV-visible spectroscopy.

Validated Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatographic Method with Gradient Elution for Simultaneous Determination of the Antiviral Agents: Sofosbuvir, Ledipasvir, Daclatasvir, and Simeprevir in Their Dosage Forms.

A simple, rapid, sensitive, and precise reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four direct-acting antivirals, sofosbuvir (SF), ledipasvir (LD), declatasvir (DC), and simeprevir (SM), in their respective pharmaceutical formulations. Effective chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse plus C8 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) at 40 °C with gradient elution using a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile:phosphate buffer (pH 6.

Determination of Delafloxacin in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using a Green RP-HPTLC and NP-HPTLC Methods: A Comparative Study.

In this work; delafloxacin (DLFX) was determined using a validated green RP-HPTLC and NP-HPTLC methods in commercial tablets and in-house developed solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). RP-HPTLC determination of DLFX was performed using "RP-18 silica gel 60 F254S HPTLC plates". However; NP-HPTLC estimation of DLFX was performed using "silica gel 60 F254S HPTLC plates".

UPLC-MS/MS assay for quantification of an inhibitor of kinases (Foretinib) in plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.

Foretinib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, is known to have anti-tumor effects against cancers. The doses and the levels of foretinib vary based on the type of cancer to be treated. An accurate and precise method is required to determine the level of foretinib and its pharmacokinetics.

A Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Quantitative Method for Determination of Baricitinib in Plasma, and Its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats.

Baricitinib, is a selective and reversible Janus kinase inhibitor, is commonly used to treat adult patients with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A fast, reproducible and sensitive method of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the quantification of baricitinib in rat plasma has been developed. Irbersartan was used as the internal standard (IS).

Simple and Accurate HPTLC-Densitometric Method for Quantification of Delafloxacin (A Novel Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic) in Plasma Samples: Application to Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats.

Delafloxacin (DLX) is a recently-approved fluoroquinolone antibiotic, which is recommended for the treatment of "acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections". A thorough literature survey revealed only a single published method for the estimation of DLX using UPLC-MS/MS technique in biological samples. There is no high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method has been reported for the estimation of DLX in dosage forms and/or biological samples.

A rapid, simple and highly sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for quantitation of pimavanserin in plasma and tissues: Application to pharmacokinetics and brain uptake studies in mice.

Pimavanserin is a new drug approved by the FDA for Parkinson's disease psychosis and other neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we developed a UPLC-MS/MS method to quantify pimavanserin disposition in the brain and its pharmacokinetics in mice. Vilazodone was used as the internal standard.

Co-stabilization of pioglitazone HCL nanoparticles prepared by planetary ball milling: and evaluation.

Pioglitazone (PGZ) is an oral antidiabetic agent that increases cell resistance to insulin, thereby decreasing blood glucose levels. PGZ is a class II drug. Because of its pH-dependent solubility, it precipitates at the intestinal pH, resulting in an erratic and incomplete absorption following oral administration, which causes fluctuations in its plasma concentration.