The Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Overweight Older Adults: A Pilot Study.

Background/objectives: Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been associated with beneficial effects for inflammation and oxidative stress; however, the effects of TRE on inflammation and oxidative stress in the aging population have not been explored.

Methods: This secondary analysis tested the effects of TRE on pro-inflammatory (hs-CRP [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein], IL-1β [interleukin 1 beta], IL-6 [interleukin 6], TNF-α [tumor necrosis factor alpha]) and oxidative stress (8-isoprostane) biomarkers in ten overweight older adults (mean age = 77.1 ± 6.

Adherence and Retention in Early or Late Time-Restricted Eating: A Narrative Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a form of intermittent fasting that involves reducing the time-period in which food is typically consumed daily. While TRE is known to induce health benefits, particularly for adults with obesity, there is currently debate about whether the time of day in which food is consumed also contributes to the health benefits of TRE. Early TRE (eTRE) and late TRE (lTRE) are subtypes of TRE that involve consuming food and caloric beverages either in the early or later part of the day.

CSF inflammatory cytokines as prognostic indicators for cognitive decline across Alzheimer's disease spectrum.

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation contributes actively to pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and promotes AD progression. The predictive value of neuroinflammatory biomarkers for disease-staging or estimating disease progression is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of inflammatory biomarkers in combination with conventional AD biomarkers.

The association of overall dietary quality on stress, anxiety, depression, and academic performance in college students: a systematic review.

The objective of this systematic review was to examine current evidence regarding the associations between dietary quality and mental well-being indicators (stress, anxiety, and/or depression) in college students, with a secondary aim of characterizing the relationship between overall dietary quality and academic performance. : Searches were performed, and the PRISMA guidelines were followed for reporting the methods and results. Twelve observational studies were included and reviewed showing high dietary quality was associated with: low stress (four studies), stress (one study), and no significant association (two studies); low depression (three studies) and no significant association (two studies) and low anxiety (two studies), anxiety (one study), and no significant associations (two studies).

Discovering Subtypes with Imaging Signatures in the Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome Consortium using Weakly-Supervised Clustering.

Introduction: Understanding the heterogeneity of brain structure in individuals with the Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR) may improve the current risk assessments of dementia.

Methods: We used data from 6 cohorts from the (N=1987). A weakly-supervised clustering algorithm called HYDRA was applied to volumetric MRI measures to identify distinct subgroups in the population with gait speeds lower than one standard deviation (1SD) above mean.

Ubrogepant users' real-world experience: Patients on ubrogepant, characteristics and outcomes (UNIVERSE) study.

Objective: To assess the real-world effectiveness of ubrogepant by evaluating self-reported satisfaction with pain relief, ability to think clearly, and return to normal function in individuals who had used ubrogepant to treat a migraine episode within the preceding 14 days.

Background: Ubrogepant is an oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist approved for the acute treatment of migraine in adults. Few studies have evaluated the real-world effectiveness of ubrogepant.

The effects of time-restricted eating on sleep in adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a dietary pattern reducing the duration of daily food consumption, has recently gained popularity. Existing studies show the potential benefits of TRE for cardiometabolic health. Uncertainty remains about whether these benefits are solely from altered meal timing or influences on other health behaviors, including sleep.

A Mean Field to Capture Asynchronous Irregular Dynamics of Conductance-Based Networks of Adaptive Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Models.

Mean-field models are a class of models used in computational neuroscience to study the behavior of large populations of neurons. These models are based on the idea of representing the activity of a large number of neurons as the average behavior of mean-field variables. This abstraction allows the study of large-scale neural dynamics in a computationally efficient and mathematically tractable manner.

Plasma Biomarkers as Predictors of Progression to Dementia in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Blood-based biomarkers (BBMs) are of growing interest in the field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the ability of plasma biomarkers to 1) predict disease progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia and 2) improve the predictive ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures when combined.

Methods: We used data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

Does time-restricted eating add benefits to calorie restriction? A systematic review.

Objective: A growing body of evidence has supported the health benefits of extended daily fasting, known as time-restricted eating (TRE); however, whether the addition of TRE enhances the known benefits of calorie restriction (CR) remains unclear.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched through April 2023. This systematic review includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared CR + TRE with CR alone in energy-matched conditions of at least 8 weeks in duration that assessed changes in body weight and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in adults with overweight and/or obesity.

Use of Minimally Invasive Methods to Assess Fuel Utilization and Circadian Rhythms in Older Adults.

Aging is associated with multiple physiological changes that contribute synergistically and independently to physical disability and the risk of chronic disease. Although the etiology of age-related physical disability is complex and multifactorial, the decline in mitochondrial function appears to coincide with the progression of functional decline in many older adults. The reason why there is a decrease in mitochondrial function with aging remains elusive, but emerging science indicates that both fuel metabolism and circadian rhythms can influence mitochondrial function.

Association of Alcohol Consumption with Cognition in Older Population: The A4 Study.

Background: Alcohol use disorders have been categorized as a 'strongly modifiable' risk factor for dementia.

Objective: To investigate the cross-sectional association between alcohol consumption and cognition in older adults and if it is different across sexes or depends on amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain.

Methods: Cognitively unimpaired older adults (N = 4387) with objective and subjective cognitive assessments and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were classified into four categories based on their average daily alcohol use.

Association of Stages of Objective Memory Impairment With Incident Symptomatic Cognitive Impairment in Cognitively Normal Individuals.

Background And Objectives: Increasing evidence indicates that a subset of cognitively normal individuals has subtle cognitive impairment at baseline. We sought to identify them using the Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) system. Symptomatic cognitive impairment was operationalized by a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) ≥0.

Tracking cognition with the T-MoCA in a racially/ethnically diverse older adult cohort.

Introduction: We investigated the utility of the Telephone-Montreal Cognitive Assessment (T-MoCA) to track cognition in a diverse sample from the Einstein Aging Study.

Methods: Telephone and in-person MoCA data, collected annually, were used to evaluate longitudinal cognitive performance. Joint models of T-MoCA and in-person MoCA compared changes, variance, and test-retest reliability measured by intraclass correlation coefficient by racial/ethnic group.

Predictors of treatment-response to caffeine combination products, acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in acute treatment of episodic migraine.

Objective: To identify predictors of acute treatment optimization for migraine with "over-the-counter" (OTC) or prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as other widely used OTCs including acetaminophen, caffeine combination products (CCP), and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) among people with episodic migraine and to develop models that predict treatment response to each class of OTCs.

Background: Efficacy of acute OTC medications for migraine varies greatly. Identifying predictors of treatment response to particular classes of medication is a step toward evidence-based personalized therapy.

Associations of Stages of Objective Memory Impairment with Cerebrospinal Fluid and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease.

Objective: To investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuroimaging correlates of Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) based on Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) performance, and to evaluate the effect of APOE ε4 status on this relationship.

Methods: Data from 586 cognitively unimpaired individuals who had FCSRT, CSF, and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures available was used. We compared CSF measures of β-amyloid (Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio), phosphorylated tau (p-Tau181), total tau (t-Tau), hippocampal volume, and PIB-PET mean cortical binding potential with partial volume correction (MCBP) among SOMI groups in the whole sample and in subsamples stratified by APOE ε4 status.

The effects of time-restricted eating on sleep, cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's disease.

According to the United Nations, by 2050, one in six individuals will be over age 65 globally, and one in four people would be aged 65 and older in western countries. The unprecedented growth of the aging population is associated with increased age-related disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To date, no cure is known for AD, thus lifestyle interventions including calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted eating (TRE) are proposed as potential approach to delay the onset and progression of the disease.

Predictors of treatment-response to acute prescription medications in migraine: Results from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention (AMPP) Study.

Objective: To identify predictors of acute treatment optimization with prescription drugs among people with episodic migraine.

Methods: A total of 2896 individuals from the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention study were included in this study. The primary outcome measures of treatment optimization were 2-h pain freedom (2hPF) and 24-h pain relief (24hPR), which were defined by responses to the Migraine Treatment Optimization Questionnaire-6 (mTOQ-6).

Importance of Intermittent Fasting Regimens and Selection of Adequate Therapy on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

The unpredictable nature of new variants of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-highly transmissible and some with vaccine-resistance, have led to an increased need for feasible lifestyle modifications as complementary therapies. Systemic inflammation is the common hallmark of communicable diseases like severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus, and cancers, all for which mitigation of severe outcomes is of paramount importance. Dietary quality is associated with NCDs, and intermittent fasting (IF) has been suggested as an effective approach for treatment and prevention of some NCDs, similar to that of caloric restriction.

The Effects of Isocaloric Intermittent Fasting vs Daily Caloric Restriction on Weight Loss and Metabolic Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled or Comparative Trials.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained favor as an alternative regimen to daily caloric restriction (DCR). Therefore, there is a need for systematic reviews of randomized controlled/comparison trials examining the effects of isocaloric IF vs DCR on metabolic risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases.

Objective: To systematically investigate the effects of isocaloric IF vs DCR on metabolic risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases in adults with overweight and obesity.

Association of Depressive Symptoms and Cognition in Older Adults Without Dementia Across Different Biomarker Profiles.

Background: Depression is a late-life risk factor for cognitive decline. Evidence suggests an association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated pathologic changes and depressive symptoms.

Objective: To investigate the influence of AT(N) biomarker profile (amyloid-β [A], p-tau [T], and neurodegeneration [N]) and gender on cross-sectional associations between subclinical depressive symptoms and cognitive function among older adults without dementia.