Evaluation of hematologic factors and bilirubin following exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Introduction: Exchange transfusion (ECT) is one of effective treatments for rapid reduction of the bilirubin serum levels. The main purpose of this study was to offer greater insights into the effects of ECT on the hematologic factors and bilirubin in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 380 neonates over 35 gestational weeks, and 2-14 days old with a bilirubin of above 17 mg/dl who had undergone ECT at Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad in Iran from 2011 to 2021.

Interleukin-6 as A Prognostic Biomarker in Perinatal Asphyxia.

Objective: Early diagnosis is has a crucial role in both prevention and treatment of asphyxia-related complications. The current study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy grade in the prediction of mortality and the developmental status of neonates affected by prenatal asphyxia.

Materials & Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 38 term asphyxiated infants at Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran, from 2013 to 2017.

Effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on antibody titers to heat shock protein 27 in adolescent girls.

Background Although vitamin D deficiency is associated with several inflammatory conditions, there have been few studies on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on markers of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on heat shock protein 27 antibody (anti-Hsp27) titers in adolescent girls. Methods Five hundred and fifty adolescent girls received vitamin D3 at a dose of 50,000 IU/week for 9 weeks.

The effects of high doses of vitamin D on the composition of the gut microbiome of adolescent girls.

Background: Animal studies suggest that vitamin D can change the gut microbiome. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a high dose supplementation of vitamin D on the composition of the gut microbiome.

Methods: After DNA extraction, TaqMan assays were used for the quantitation of selected microbiome in the feces of 50 adolescent girls before and after vitamin D supplementation.

Pre-programming in overhand throwing of children with Down syndrome: role of the generalized motor program.

Objective: It is unclear whether slowness and higher reaction time of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are because of inability to pre-program and using the generalized motor program (GMP) or not. So, the purpose of this study was to examine the consistency of relative timing as a fixed feature of a GMP in overhand throwing with changing the distance to target as a varied feature.

Methods: Fifteen individuals with DS (age = 13 ± 2 y) and a control group of 12 individuals without intellectual disability (ID; age = 13 ± 2 y) were asked to throw a tennis ball to a fixed target from three distances of 2, 2.

The effect of training on variability and accuracy of overhand throwing in children with Down syndrome.

Objective: People with Down syndrome (DS) have higher variability in their motor skills compared to other counterparts without intellectual disability. Given that the effect of physical training on the variability and accuracy is unclear, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of nine sessions of overhand throwing training on the variability and accuracy of overhand throwing in children with DS.

Methods: Twenty-seven children with DS randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.

Comparison of the effects of perceptual-motor exercises, vitamin D supplementation and the combination of these interventions on decreasing stereotypical behavior in children with autism disorder.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the combined effects of perceptual-motor exercises and vitamin D supplementation on the reduction of stereotypical behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: In this study, 100 eligible children with age ranging from 6 to 9 years were randomly selected and divided into four groups: Group A-perceptual-motor exercises ( = 25); Group B-25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25 (OH) D) ( = 25); Group C-perceptual-motor exercises and 25 (OH) D ( = 25); and Group D-control ( = 25).

Results: The stereotypes decreased from elementary level, 17% in Group A, 13% in Group B and 28% in Group C among the participants.

Accuracy of pediatric residents in determination of dehydration in children with gastroenteritis.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the accuracy of pediatric residents in diagnosis of dehydration in children with gastroenteritis.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in Dr. Sheikh Hospital, affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Mashhad, Iran), in 2016.

The effects of different combinations of perceptual-motor exercises, music, and vitamin D supplementation on the nerve growth factor in children with high-functioning autism.

The present study investigated the effects of different combinations of perceptual-motor exercises, music, and Vitamin D consumption on the nerve growth factor (NGF) in children with high-functioning autism. 48 children with autism, aged between six and nine years, were divided into four groups: Group A- perceptual-motor activities along with music (n = 12); Group B-Vitamin D supplementation (n = 12); Group C-perceptual-motor activities along with music and Vitamin D (n = 12); and Group D-control (n = 12). Participants' blood NGF level was measured before and after the intervention.

There is an association between serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and depression score in adolescent girls.

Background: Whilst there is evidence of an association between depression and inflammation in adults, there is limited data on this in adolescents particularly in non-westernized populations. ‎ The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum hs-CRP level and depression ‎score in adolescent girls living in northwestern Iran.

Method: Serum hs-CRP was measured in 563 adolescent girls aged 12-18 years.

High Dose Supplementation of Vitamin D Affects Measures of Systemic Inflammation: Reductions in High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Level and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Distribution.

The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency is increasing worldwide, which has be shown to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), autoimmune disease, and metabolic syndrome. These conditions are also associated with a heightened state of inflammation. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level and Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) distribution in a large cohort of adolescent girls.

The effect of an aerobic exercise program on the quality of life in children with cancer.

Khodashenas E, Badiee Z, Sohrabi M, Ghassemi A, Hosseinzade V. The effect of an aerobic exercise program on the quality of life in children with cancer. Turk J Pediatr 2017; 59: 678-683.

Hypercalciuria following ceftriaxone a fact or myth.

Introduction: Nephrolithiasis is a common worldwide problem both in children and adults. Ceftriaxone as a widely used antibiotic can contribute to the formation of renal stones and hypercalciuria.

Objectives: To find the effect of ceftriaxone, a widely used antibiotic, on urinary calcium excretion rate in children.