Hypoxia Aggravates Inhibition of Alveolar Epithelial Na-Transport by Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulation of Alveolar Macrophages.

Inflammation and hypoxia impair alveolar barrier tightness, inhibit Na- and fluid reabsorption, and cause edema. We tested whether stimulated alveolar macrophages affect alveolar Na-transport and whether hypoxia aggravates the effects of inflammation, and tested for involved signaling pathways. Primary rat alveolar type II cells (rA2) were co-cultured with rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) or treated with NR8383-conditioned media after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 µg/mL) and exposed to normoxia and hypoxia (1.

The role of hypoxia-induced modulation of alveolar epithelial Na- transport in hypoxemia at high altitude.

Reabsorption of excess alveolar fluid is driven by vectorial Na-transport across alveolar epithelium, which protects from alveolar flooding and facilitates gas exchange. Hypoxia inhibits Na-reabsorption in cultured cells and in-vivo by decreasing activity of epithelial Na-channels (ENaC), which impairs alveolar fluid clearance. Inhibition also occurs during in-vivo hypoxia in humans and laboratory animals.

Role of ATP-dependent K channels in the effects of erythropoietin in renal ischaemia injury.

Background & Objectives: Erythropoietin (EPO) has cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects in pathological conditions, including hypoxia and ischaemia-reperfusion injury. One of the targets to protect against injury is ATP-dependent potassium (KATP ) channels. These channels could be involved in EPO induced ischaemic preconditoning like a protective effect.

Nerium oleander Distillate Improves Fat and Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Fed Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg bw) in all rats of five groups after being fed for 2 weeks high-fat diet. Type 2 diabetic Nerium-oleander- (NO-) administered groups received the NO distillate at a dose of 3.75, 37.