Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the glutamatergic pathway in the male rat hippocampus after experimental focal cerebral ischemia.

This study aimed to assess the focal cerebral ischemia-induced changes in learning and memory together with glutamatergic pathway in rats and the effects of treatment of the animals with transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). One hundred male rats were divided into five groups as sham, tDCS, Ischemia/Reperfusion (IR), IR + tDCS, and IR + E-tDCS groups. Learning, memory, and locomotor activity functions were evaluated by behavioral experiments in rats.

Effects of amnion derived mesenchymal stem cells on fibrosis in a 5/6 nephrectomy model in rats.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by disruption of the glomerulus, tubule and vascular structures by renal fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) ameliorate CKD. We investigated the effects of human amnion derived MSC (hAMSC) on fibrosis using expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), collagen type I (COL-1) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-7).