Pharmaceutical Care in Mental Health: Pharmacists' Barriers, Collaborations, Attitudes, and Perceptions.

Background: Pharmaceutical care is an essential component of mental healthcare.

Objectives: The study assessed pharmacists' collaborations, barriers, perceptions on therapeutic relationships and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care to persons with mental illness.

Methods: A questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 175 pharmacists in a Nigerian state via purposive sampling.

RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK: LESSONS FROM A TERTIARY HEALTHCARE FACILITY IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA.

Background: Mitigating the risk of nosocomial infection is one of the core functions of healthcare managers in hospital environments. This study aimed to describe the COVID-19 outbreak response in a tertiary healthcare facility in Nigeria.

Methods: A qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted among representatives of Heads of Infection Control Committees and units, the Accident and Emergency unit, Family Medicine unit, and Private Suites on the COVID-19 outbreak response at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Clinical Profile of Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) Seen in a Tertiary Eye Clinic.

Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the medication regimen for the management of human immunodeficiency virus. Over time, it has been dubbed to have revolutionised the clinical course and outcomes of HIV/AIDS.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the clinical factors associated with the ocular manifestation of HIV/AIDS among patients on HAART.

Recurrent Lactobacillus Rhamnoses Bacteremia and Complications in an Immunocompromised Patient With History of Probiotic Use: A Case Report.

The use of probiotics has been on the rise in the past few years. Increasing reports on Lactobacillus bacteremia-associated morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients have raised safety concerns about its use in this group. We present a case of a 79-year-old patient with a history of probiotic use who was admitted from the emergency department for acute-on-chronic diarrhea, acute hyponatremia, acute-on-chronic diastolic heart failure, and ambulatory dysfunction.

A case report of primary hyperparathyroidism in an adolescent during Ramadan fast.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is rare in children and usually presents with nonspecific symptoms. Ramadan fasting has been reported to unmask the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. A 15-year-old boy presented to the clinic for an emergency department follow up visit.

Impact of COVID-19 on ophthalmic surgical procedures in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicentre study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on healthcare and ophthalmology services globally. Numerous studies amongst various medical and surgical specialties showed a reduction in patient attendance and surgical procedures performed. Prior published ophthalmic literature focused on specific types of procedures and were usually single centre.

Short cell cycle duration is a phenotype of human epidermal stem cells.

Background: A traditional view is that stem cells (SCs) divide slowly. Meanwhile, both embryonic and pluripotent SCs display a shorter cell cycle duration (CCD) in comparison to more committed progenitors (CPs).

Methods: We examined the in vitro proliferation and cycling behavior of somatic adult human cells using live cell imaging of passage zero keratinocytes and single-cell RNA sequencing.

Prevalence and predictors of type 2 diabetes complications: a single centre observation.

Background: Diabetes complications are a major burden on persons living with diabetes and the health care systems.

Objectives: The study assessed the glycemic control, prevalence and predictors of type 2 diabetes complications among patients in a healthcare centre.

Methods: Two hundred adults who had type 2 diabetes in a general hospital were recruited for the study.

Prevalence and Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment Among Nigerian Children: A Systematic Review.

Background: Low/middle-income countries have the highest burden of blindeness and visual impairment, which directly affects the children and indirectly affects their community. Furthermore, the number of blind years suffered by children with low vision or blindness creates a self-perpetuating ripple effect on their development, health and the socio-economic development of their communities. This systematic review aims to interrogate the existing evidence on the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in Nigerian children to provide evidence to drive health policy.

A Survey on Patients' Opinions of Alternative Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Glaucoma in South-South Nigeria.

Purpose: Despite the human ocular surface being easily accessible, ocular drug delivery can be challenging. When applied improperly, topical medications, the most popular first-line treatment used to treat glaucoma, can have a very brief contact time with the ocular surface and may not have the desired therapeutic impact. Drug delivery devices are gadgets that can address some of these problems.

Adverse effects of exposure to petrol-generator exhaust fumes on the reproductive hormones, testis and spermatozoa in male dogs.

There is evidence that sperm count has progressively declined in men over the recent decades. Exposure to air pollutants including petrol and diesel exhaust have been reported to impair male reproduction although there is little experimental evidence. This study investigated the effects of petrol-generator exhaust fumes (PGEF) on semen, sperm, gonadal structure and hormonal status in the dog.

Organ wide toxicological assessment of common edible herbs and their mixtures as used in home remedies.

The use of home remedies for medicinal purposes, most of which are edible plants has continued to be a practice in many homes. However, there has been an increasing report of chronic use with lethal effect. Among the commonly used herbal/ medicinal plants were ginger, garlic and lemon.

Sputum induction and its diagnostic applications in inflammatory airway disorders: a review.

Sputum induction is a technique that covers the induction and the subsequent processing of the expectorate primarily for the analysis of cells and different inflammatory biomarkers present in the airways to further understand the pathophysiology of different inflammatory respiratory disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as the diagnosis of lung diseases such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pneumonia. It is a non-invasive, safe, cost-effective, and reliable technique reported to exhibit a high success rate. However, due to being technically demanding and time-consuming and having the need of employing trained staff, this technique is only used in restricted research centres and in limited centres of clinical use.

Violent crimes and insecurity on Nigerian highways: A tale of travelers' trauma, nightmares and state slumber.

This paper examined the vulnerability of travelers to kidnapping, abduction and armed robbery attacks and in some extreme cases, death along Nigeria's highways. Insecurity on the nation's highways became a contemporary criminological discourse following the emergence of new strands of criminality like militancy, terrorism, kidnapping, herdsmen-farmers violence, communal conflicts and banditry. Nigerian highways have become the major operational hotspots for criminals who harass, terrorize, and traumatize travelers at will.

Retrospective Comparison of Nigeria's Emergency Response Between the 2014 Ebola Outbreak and 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic.

The 2014 Ebola Virus disease outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic are prominent among the viral infectious diseases that threatened our existence in the last decade. We did a retrospective review of Nigeria's responses during the two crises using different keywords: . These served as discussion points, and we ended by highlighting a few salient observations that should serve as reflection, learning points, and recommendations for better responses in the future.

Evidence-based interventions for reducing sickle cell disease-associated morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review.

Objective: Sickle cell disease is a lifelong illness affecting millions of people globally, but predominantly burdensome in sub-Saharan Africa, where most affected children do not live to adulthood, despite available evidence-based interventions that reduce the disease burden in high-income countries.

Method: We reviewed studies evaluating evidence-based interventions that decrease sickle cell disease-related morbidity and mortality among children living in sub-Saharan Africa. We used the Joanna Briggs scoping review methodological framework and grouped identified evidence-based interventions into preventative pharmacotherapeutic agents, newborn screening and comprehensive healthcare, disease-modifying agents, nutritional supplementation, systemic treatment, supportive agents and patient/carer/population education.

Lifestyle, vulnerability to stress and prevailing health conditions of ambulatory older patients in a care facility.

Background: Lifestyle and vulnerability to stress are major determinants of age-related health outcomes.

Objectives: To assess the lifestyle and health states of older adults, and evaluate their personality-related vulnerability to stress, to enable improved and targeted health promotional activities.

Methods: A hospital record review and a purposive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 respondents who were ≥ 50 years old, and visited the General Hospital Oyo, South-western Nigeria.

Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Background: Data regarding the features and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Africa are increasingly available.

Objectives: To describe socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 86 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between March and November 2020.

Awareness and Knowledge of Antimicrobial Resistance, Antimicrobial Stewardship and Barriers to Implementing Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing among Medical Laboratory Scientists in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now considered one of the greatest global health threats. This is further compounded by a lack of new antibiotics in development. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes can improve and optimize the use of antibiotics, thereby increasing the cure rates of antibiotic treatment and decreasing the problem of AMR.

Health, well-being, and burnout amongst Early Career Doctors in Nigeria.

Background: Early Career Doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria are faced with many individual and systemic problems, which consequently adversely affect their health, well-being, patient care and safety.

Objective: This study, the second phase of the Challenges of Residency Training and Early Career Doctors in Nigeria (CHARTING II) Study, sought to examine the risk factors and contributors to the health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs.

Methods: This was a study of health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs.

COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of its Knowledge and Risk Perception among Nigerians.

Background: The effect of the current COVID-19 pandemic on economies and health systems has been profound. Knowledge of the virus continues to evolve over time. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and the factors associated with the perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 infection during the pandemic.