Adverse hematological profiles associated with chlorpromazine antipsychotic treatment in male rats: Preventive and reversal mechanisms of taurine and coenzyme-Q10.

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs used for managing psychotic related disorders owing to its dopamine receptor blocking action. However, pharmacological investigations against CPZ's cytotoxic effect have remained scarce. Hence, this study investigated the preventive and reversal effects of taurine and coenzyme-Q10 (COQ-10), which are compounds with proven natural antioxidant properties, against CPZ-induced hematological impairments in male rats.

Geraniol attenuates behavioral and neurochemical impairments by inhibitions of HPA-axis and oxido-inflammatory perturbations in mice exposed to post-traumatic stress disorder.

Geraniol is an acyclic isoprenoid monoterpenoid analogue that has been shown to elicit neuroprotective functions, primarily through its ability to stimulate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems. An increase in inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress exacerbate activation hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), leading to neurochemical dysfunction, which has important roles in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic disorder (PTSD), a mental health disorder characterized of post-trauma-induced intense fear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-PTSD-like effects and underlying mechanisms of geraniol against single-prolonged-stress (SPS)-induced PTSD in mice.

modulates ET-I/NO signalling in Lead Acetate induced rat model of endothelial dysfunction: Involvement of oxido-inflammatory mediators.

This study investigated the modulatory effect of extract on lead acetate-induced endothelial dysfunction. Animals were administered GBE (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg orally) after exposures to lead acetate (25 mg/kg orally) for 14 days. Aorta was harvested after euthanasia, the tissue was homogenised, and supernatants were decanted after centrifuging.

Comparative Analysis of Fasting Blood Glucose and Salivary Electrolytes Concentrations among Individuals with Type II Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Hospital Based Study.

Salivary gland dysfunction is common in people with diabetes. This study aimed to compare the measurements of salivary electrolytes (SE); Na, K, Cl and HCO between diabetes and an age matched control group, and assess the relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and salivary electrolytes, and salivary glucose (SG). Eighty-five human participants [diabetes group, n = 45 (23 males and 22 females) and control group, n = 40 (20 males and 20 females)] aged between 25 and 65years were tested.

Intermittent fasting and exercise therapy abates STZ-induced diabetotoxicity in rats through modulation of adipocytokines hormone, oxidative glucose metabolic, and glycolytic pathway.

Diabetes is a global, costly, and growing public health issue. Intermittent fasting (IF) and exercise therapy have been shown to improve insulin sensitivity (IS) in large studies, although the underlying processes are still unknown. The goal of this study, which included both nondiabetic and diabetic rats, was to look at the mechanisms of intermittent fasting and exercise in the management of diabetotoxicity.

Proinflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Response to Isometric Handgrip Exercise and the Effects of Duration and Intensity of the Isometric Efforts in Prehypertensive Participants.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of selected inflammatory cytokines to isometric handgrip exercise and identify possible effects of intensity and duration of the isometric effort on these variables.

Methods: A total of 192 sedentary prehypertensive Nigerian participants aged between 30 and 50 years were recruited into the study and randomly distributed into 3 groups of 64 participants each. The participants performed 24 consecutive days of isometric handgrip exercise at 30% maximum voluntary contraction.

Therapeutic efficacy of N-acetylcysteine and zinc sulphate against di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced testicular oxido-nitrergic stress in male Wistar rat.

The therapeutic efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and zinc sulphate on di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced testicular oxido-nitrergic stress in rats was investigated in 36 male Wistar rats (170 ± 10 g) randomly assigned into one of six groups (n = 6). Group 1 (control) received 2.5 ml/kg of distilled water for 42 days, while group 2 (vehicle) received 2.

Up-regulation of B-cell lymphoma factor-2 expression, inhibition of oxidative stress and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in the protective effect of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) juice in lead-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats.

Background: Oxido-inflammatory stress and dysregulation of nitric oxide (NO) system has been implicated in lead toxicity. Cabbage is an antioxidant-rich household vegetable with plethora of therapeutic potentials. The present study investigated the anti-oxido-inflammatory activity of cabbage in lead-induced endothelial dysfunction.

Immune system response to isometric handgrip exercise and effects of duration and intensity of the exercise protocol on selected immune system parameters in prehypertensives.

Background: Recent studies have shown that physical exercise significantly modulates immunocyte dynamics and possibly plays a significant role on immune function. This study examined the responses of some selected immune system parameters to isometric handgrip exercise and identified possible effects of intensity and duration of the exercise protocols.

Methods: One hundred and ninety-two (N=192) sedentary pre-hypertensive subjects, aged between 30-50 years were recruited into the study.

In Vivo Attenuation of Alcohol- and Cadmium Chloride-Induced Testicular Toxicity Modulated by Silymarin in Male Wistar Rat.

The aim of the study is to investigate the in vivo attenuation of alcohol- and cadmium chloride-induced testicular toxicity modulated by Silymarin in male Wistar rats. A total of fifty-six (56) Wistar rats were used for this study and they were randomized into seven (7) groups of eight (8) rats each. Group 1 was control rats; Groups 2-7 served as the experimental groups.

Kolaviron abates busulfan-induced episodic memory deficit and testicular dysfunction in rats: The implications for neuroendopathobiological changes during chemotherapy.

Busulfan is a popular antileukemia chemotherapeutic alkylating agent widely known to induce variety of serious adverse effects including chemobrain-related cognitive impairments and dysfunction in male reproductive system. Whether kolaviron, a neuro- and repro-active compound obtained from Garcinia kola, with neuroprotective and reproductive-promoting activities, mitigates busulfan-induced cognitive and male reproductive impairments remain unknown. Hence, we investigated the reversal effects of kolaviron on busulfan-induced episodic memory deficit and testicular dysfunction, and its underlying mechanisms in male rats.

Duration-dependent effects of high dose of phthalate exposure on semen quality in adult male rats.

Objective: To determine the length of exposure to high doses of phthalate that might affect sperm quality in adult male Wistar rats.

Methods: Forty-two (42) adult male Wistar rats (weighing 150-200 g) were randomly assigned into six groups (n=7): Group A received 0.5 mL of distilled water - placebo - and served as controls; groups B, C, D, E and F received Phthalate (750 mg/kgbw) for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks, respectively.

Prevention and reversal of chlorpromazine induced testicular dysfunction in rats by synergistic testicle-active flavonoids, taurine and coenzyme-10.

Evidences have shown that alterations in testicular dehydrogenase and ionic-ATPase activities have important implications in spermatogenesis and sperm capacitation, a penultimate biochemical change required for fertilization. Previous studies have revealed that taurine and coenzyme-Q10 (COQ-10), which are synergistic testicle-active bioflavonoids, with proven gonadotropin-enhancing properties reduce testicular damage in rats. Hence, this study investigated the effects of taurine and COQ-10 or their combination alone, and in the preventive and reversal of chlorpromazine-induced inhibition of testicular dehydrogenase enzymes, electrogenic pumps, sperm capacitation and acrosomal-reaction in male Wister rats.

Taurine and coenzyme Q10 synergistically prevent and reverse chlorpromazine-induced psycho-neuroendocrine changes and cataleptic behavior in rats.

Over the years, mounting evidences have suggested a strong association between chronic chlorpromazine therapy, a popular first-generation antipsychotic drug, and psycho-neuroendocrine changes. In this study, we aim to examine whether treatment with taurine and coenzyme Q10 (COQ-10), compounds with steroidogenic-gonadotropin hormone-enhancing properties, can attenuate the negative impacts of chlorpromazine on steroidogenic, gonadotropin, thyroid and HPA-axis hormones, dopamine levels, catalepsy behavior and neuronal cells of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the preventive and reversal treatments in male Wister rats. In the drug treatment alone or preventive protocol, rats received oral administration of saline (10 mL/kg), taurine (150 mg/kg/day), COQ-10 (10 mg/kg/day), or both (taurine + COQ-10/day) alone for 56 consecutive days, or in combination with oral chlorpromazine (30 mg/kg/day) treatment from days 29 to 56.