Realtime monitoring of thrombus formation in vivo using a self-reporting vascular access graft.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% of the global population costing over a hundred billion dollars per annum and leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Many patients with CKD require regular haemodialyses. Synthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVG) are increasingly used to provide rapid vascular connection for dialysis.

Predicting Cardiovascular Stent Complications Using Self-Reporting Biosensors for Noninvasive Detection of Disease.

Self-reporting implantable medical devices are the future of cardiovascular healthcare. Cardiovascular complications such as blocked arteries that lead to the majority of heart attacks and strokes are frequently treated with inert metal stents that reopen affected vessels. Stents frequently re-block after deployment due to a wound response called in-stent restenosis (ISR).