Determinants of Unmet Healthcare Needs During the Final Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From a 21-Country Online Survey.

Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, essential health services experienced significant disruptions, impacting preventive and chronic care across the world.

Methods: Utilizing the Pandemic Recovery Survey (PRS), conducted online with Facebook's Active User Base across 21 countries between March and May 2023, this cross-sectional study identifies the magnitude of and key factors associated with unmet preventive and chronic care needs during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: Approximately 28.

Evaluating Access to Health Care in Mothers and Caregivers of Children under Five Years of Age in Rural Communities of Yucatán, Mexico.

Populations in rural communities have more limited access to health care and attention than urban populations. The present study aimed to evaluate barriers to access to health care in mothers and caregivers of children under five years of age, twelve months after an educational intervention. The study was carried out from February to September 2022, and 472 mothers from eight communities in the state of Yucatán, in the southeast of the United Mexican States, participated.

Understanding evidence ecosystems: What influences the production, translation, and use of modeled evidence in Burkina Faso, Nigeria, India, and Kenya?

Background: This study sought to document and understand facilitators and barriers to producing, translating, and using modeled evidence in decision-making in Burkina Faso, Nigeria, India, and Kenya. We explored researcher-decision-maker engagement mechanisms as key facilitators of evidence use, with a focus on knowledge brokers and boundary organizations.

Methods: The study used sequential mixed methods drawing on data collected from surveys and key informant interviews, complemented by a rapid desk review to map modeling activities and actors.

Use of Hinged Implants for Multi-Stage Revision Knee Arthroplasty for Severe Periprosthetic Joint Infection: Remission Rate and Outcomes After a Minimum Follow-Up of Five Years.

Background: In severe periprosthetic joint infection after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), multistage procedures are indicated for ongoing signs of infection after implant removal during the spacer interval of an intended 2-stage exchange. In these cases, several additional debridement and spacer exchange surgeries may be necessary. Herein, we analyzed the complications, remission rates, and functional outcomes after multistage revision arthroplasty using hinged TKAs.

Above-knee amputation shows higher complication and mortality rates in line with lower functional outcome compared to knee arthrodesis in severe periprosthetic joint infection.

Aims: In cases of severe periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the knee, salvage procedures such as knee arthrodesis (KA) or above-knee amputation (AKA) must be considered. As both treatments result in limitations in quality of life (QoL), we aimed to compare outcomes and factors influencing complication rates, mortality, and mobility.

Methods: Patients with PJI of the knee and subsequent KA or AKA between June 2011 and May 2021 were included.

Individuals with JAK1 variants are affected by syndromic features encompassing autoimmunity, atopy, colitis, and dermatitis.

Inborn errors of immunity lead to autoimmunity, inflammation, allergy, infection, and/or malignancy. Disease-causing JAK1 gain-of-function (GoF) mutations are considered exceedingly rare and have been identified in only four families. Here, we use forward and reverse genetics to identify 59 individuals harboring one of four heterozygous JAK1 variants.

Midterm results of modular hinge total knee arthroplasty using cementless osseointegrating stems: low fixation associated complications and good functional outcome in primary and revision knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate functional outcome and complications after primary and revision modular H-TKA using hybrid fixation with cementless stems.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2018, 48 patients with 50 implants were included after hybrid implantation of a single design H-TKA system using cementless osseointegrating stems and modular components. Complications and clinical outcome were analysed using Knee Society Score (KSS), the Western Ontario McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Short-Form Health Survey 12 (SF-12) score.

Generation of a homozygous CRYAB p.Arg120Gly mutant (UKEi001-A-1) from a human iPSC line.

Variants in CRYAB can lead to desmin-related (cardio-)myopathy (DRM), a genetic muscle disorder with no curative treatment available. We introduced a homozygous CRYAB c.358G > A (p.

The benefits of initiating continuous renal replacement therapy after brain death in organ donors with oligoanuric acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in deceased organ donors is increasing due to the escalation in anoxic brain-deaths. The management of an organ donor with oligoanuric AKI is frequently curtailed due to hemodynamic and electrolyte instability. Although continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) corrects the effects of AKI, it is rarely started after the diagnosis of brain-death (BD).

Resident cardiac macrophages mediate adaptive myocardial remodeling.

Cardiac macrophages represent a heterogeneous cell population with distinct origins, dynamics, and functions. Recent studies have revealed that C-C Chemokine Receptor 2 positive (CCR2) macrophages derived from infiltrating monocytes regulate myocardial inflammation and heart failure pathogenesis. Comparatively little is known about the functions of tissue resident (CCR2) macrophages.

Does free-floating carsharing reduce private vehicle ownership? The case of SHARE NOW in European cities.

During the last decade, the use of free-floating carsharing systems has grown rapidly in urban areas. However, little is known on the effects free-floating carsharing offerings have on car ownership in general. Also the main drivers why free-floating users sell their cars are still rarely analysed.

Side-by-side comparison of BH3-mimetics identifies MCL-1 as a key therapeutic target in AML.

Despite advances in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), prognosis of AML patients is still dismal and better treatment options are required. B-cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) homology domain 3 (BH3)-mimetics are emerging as a novel class of apoptosis-inducing agents that are currently being tested for the treatment of different hematological malignancies including AML. Particularly, the selective BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199/Venetoclax is demonstrating clinical responses and has recently been approved in combination for the treatment of AML.

Beyond new vaccine introduction: the uptake of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the African Region.

The number of vaccines available to low-income countries has increased dramatically over the last decade. Overall infant immunization coverage in the WHO African region has stagnated in the past few years while countries' ability to maintain high immunization coverage rates following introduction of new vaccines has been uneven. This case study examines post-introduction coverage among African countries that introduced PCV between 2008 and 2013 and the factors affecting Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) introduction.

The PCome of Ascaris suum as a model system for intestinal nematodes: identification of phosphorylcholine-substituted proteins and first characterization of the PC-epitope structures.

In multicellular parasites (e.g., nematodes and protozoa), proteins and glycolipids have been found to be decorated with phosphorylcholine (PC).

Analysis of a Functional IL-6 Gene Polymorphism in HLAB27 Associated and Intermediate Uveitis Gives New Insight in Disease Pathogenesis and Commonality with Other Autoimmune Diseases.

Purpose: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in both adaptive and innate immunity. The rs1800795 gene polymorphism of IL-6 is associated with various autoimmune diseases, like multiple sclerosis.

Methods: 134 patients with HLAB27 positive iridocyclitis, 84 patients with intermediate uveitis, 132 controls, and 65 HLAB27 positive controls were recruited for the present case-control study.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: An Automated Procedure to Obtain Coil-specific Models for Field Calculations.

Background: Field calculations for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are increasingly implemented online in neuronavigation systems and in more realistic offline approaches based on finite-element methods. They are often based on simplified and/or non-validated models of the magnetic vector potential of the TMS coils.

Objective: To develop an approach to reconstruct the magnetic vector potential based on automated measurements.

New coil positioning method for interleaved transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/functional MRI (fMRI) and its validation in a motor cortex study.

Purpose: To develop and test a novel method for coil placement in interleaved transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)/functional MRI (fMRI) studies.

Materials And Methods: Initially, a desired TMS coil position at the subject's head is recorded using a neuronavigation system. Subsequently, a custom-made holding device is used for coil placement inside the MR scanner.

Is radiation treatment volume a predictor for acute or late effect on pulmonary function? A prospective study of patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and postoperative irradiation.

Background: When tangential radiation beams are used in patients with breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery, the amount of lung included in the radiation field varies because of patient anatomy and treatment technique. The question of how much lung tissue can be irradiated incidentally without acute or late complications requires quantitative study.

Methods: Thirty-four women were enrolled in a prospective study of pulmonary function after breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy for early stage breast cancer.

Radiation therapy for skin cancer near the eye: kilovoltage x-rays versus electrons.

When skin cancer near the eye is irradiated, a corneal shield is placed between the lids and globe to protect ocular structures. The effectiveness of the shield was evaluated with 250 kVp x-ray and 6-20 MeV electron beams. To simulate the clinical situation, a face phantom was constructed out of solid pieces of water-equivalent epoxy.

Effects of the antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate, on the induction of papillomas, DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse skin.

The antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate (CPA), applied simultaneously with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to the dorsal skin of male and female SENCAR mice initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene inhibited the production of papillomas of the skin. Although 125 and 250 micrograms of CPA had no effect on the incidence of papillomas per mouse, 500 micrograms of CPA inhibited papilloma production by 95% and 91% in female mice after 20 and 37 weeks of promotion, respectively. Testosterone propionate only partially blocked the inhibitory effect of CPA.

The contribution of internal scatter to radiation dose during CT scan of the head.

An acrylic head phantom was irradiated during a computed tomographic scan with four commercial scanners. Measurements of the spatial distribution of the radiation dose on the surface and internal to the phantom were performed for the scan plane and the scattered beam at various distances from the scan plane. The surface scatter dose was found to be considerably smaller than that for internal scatter.