Somatic mutations in 33 benign and malignant hot thyroid nodules in children and adolescents.

Hot thyroid nodules (HTNs) in children are rare. Their reported malignancy rate is higher than in adults. However molecular data are rare.

Tissue markers of Epstein-Bar virus (EBV) infection in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Unlabelled: AIM OF the study was to analyze the cellular expression of two latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins and one of the lytic protein, two small RNAs (EBERs) and EBV DNA in children and adult patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) and to characterise more strictly patterns of EBV latency in both groups of patients in our country.

Material And Methods: The studies were performed on an archive tissue material from 26 children and from 27 adults with B-cell NHLs. The studies used immunocytochemical techniques, in situ hybridisation, and PCR.

A prospective study of thyroid nodular disease in children and adolescents in western Poland from 1996 to 2000 and the incidence of thyroid carcinoma relative to iodine deficiency and the Chernobyl disaster.

Background: In Poland, where soil is deficient in iodine, supplementation of iodine was introduced in 1935, discontinued in 1980, and then re-introduced in 1997. One of the effects of inadequate iodine intake, prior to 1997, was an increase in the prevalence of thyroid nodular disease (TND) in children. Chernobyl, located in the neighbouring country of Ukraine, suffered a catastrophic nuclear explosion in April 1986.

Tissue expression of cytokines (IL-1alpha, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-alpha) in B-cell lymphomas in children.

In most malignant tumours disturbed production of cytokines and of their receptors can be noted. The main immune system cells engaged in tumour regression with the involvement of cytokines include helper lymphocytes (Th1), cytotoxic lymphocytes (Tc) and dendritic cells. It has been noted that cytokines are also produced by the cells of a tumour.

Usefulness of immunohistochemical testing and electron microscopy in the diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Background: This article presents the results of histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural examinations of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Material/methods: 20 tumors were tested histologically, 13 immunohistochemically, and 5 under electron microscopy.

Results: We found that in cases when the entire tumor or large specimens were obtained for estimation, it was possible by examining many areas of the neoplasm to establish a diagnosis on the basis of testing paraffined sections, routinely HE stained.