Efficacy of automatic bolus calculator with automatic speech recognition in patients with type 1 diabetes: A randomized cross-over trial.

Background: Patients using an insulin pump as part of their diabetes treatment need to calculate insulin bolus doses to compensate for a meal. Some patients do not modify their meal boluses according to changes in the amount and composition of food products in a meal. The lack of correct meal boluses leads to unstable, and therefore harmful, blood glucose levels.

A Randomized Controlled Study of an Insulin Dosing Application That Uses Recognition and Meal Bolus Estimations.

Background: Throughout the insulin pump therapy, decisions of prandial boluses programming are taken by patients individually a few times every day, and, moreover, this complex process requires numerical skills and knowledge in nutrition components estimation. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the expert system, supporting the patient's decision on meal bolus programming, on the time in range of diurnal glucose excursion in patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).

Methods: The crossover, randomized study included 12 adults, aged 19 to 53, with type 1 diabetes mellitus, duration ranging from 7 to 30 years.

The First Use of Bolus Calculator With Speech Analyzer.

Background: The insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes involves a wide array of restrictions in patients and their families. One of those is a difficulty in estimation of the insulin dose programmed for each meal. The purpose of the study is an assessment of functionalities related to the expert system VoiceDiab-a calculator of meal boluses.

Good practice recommendations on paediatric training programmes for health care professionals in the EU.

Part of the SWEET Project: EU (European Union), Better Control in Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes: Working to Create Centres of Reference, was specifically to examine the training of health care professionals (HCPs) across the EU. Several types of information were collected during 2009, and these included a literature search, workshops of the SWEET members, examination of the data collected by the Hvidøre Study Group and the Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, and Needs (DAWN) Youth initiative, and a questionnaire distributed to SWEET members and professional colleagues who cared for children and young people (CYP) with diabetes. It was clear from the information collected that there was no European or global consensus either on a curriculum for the training of the paediatric diabetes multidisciplinary team (MDT) or individual professions in paediatric diabetes.

The effect of bolus and food calculator Diabetics on glucose variability in children with type 1 diabetes treated with insulin pump: the results of RCT.

Background: The calculation of prandial insulin dose is a complex process in which many factors should be considered. High glucose variability during the day, arising from difficulties which include errors made in food counting and inappropriate insulin adjustments, influence hemoglobin A1c levels. During this study, in children using insulin pumps to manage type 1 diabetes, we compared 2-h postprandial blood glucose levels (BGL) and glucose variability when calorie tables and mental calculation were used, to when Diabetics software was used.

[Type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmune diseases: screening, diagnostic principles and management].

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is often associated with autoimmune diseases such as: autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), celiac disease (CD), autoimmune gastritis (AIG), pernicious anemia (PA) and vitiligo. Autoimmune thyroid disease is the most prevalent endocrinopathy among diabetic patients. Hypothyroidism, celiac disease or Addison's disease in patients with type 1 diabetes may deteriorate glycemic control and can lead to an increased rate of hypoglycemia.

[Quality of treatment in children with type 1 diabetes based on the Polish Prospective Pump Programme].

Background: In pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the value of HbA1c is a predictor of the risk of late systemic complications in adulthood. In the last years significant changes in the method of treatment in pre-pubertal children with T1DM have taken place. However, there is lack of precise data concerning the results of metabolic control of this group of patients.

[Prospective Polish insulin pump therapy programme in children with type 1 diabetes].

Background: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in pre-pubertal children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) has been introduced in Polish Diabetic Centres since 2000. Due to the lack of education and treatment standards for CSII we have initiated the National Prospective Pump Programme (OPPLP) in the 16 Diabetic Centres in Poland.

Aim: The aim of this programme was to prepare the paediatric diabetic centres for implementation of insulin pump treatment in children and assessment of the effectiveness of this treatment as compared to multiple daily injections.

[The impact of dysglycemia on brain function in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Diabetes is a metabolic disease defined by increased blood glucose level above the references value. Insulin therapy is mandatory for all patients with type 1 diabetes melitus (T1DM). However, the insulin therapy is also the potential factor of hyperglycemia as well as hypoglycemia condition called dysglycemia.

Sensor augmented pump therapy from onset of type 1 diabetes: late follow-up results of the Pediatric Onset Study.

Aim: To evaluate the metabolic control and β-cell function 1 yr after the end of the European multicentre randomized Pediatric Onset Study.

Methods: Of 154 study patients, 131 were re-examined 24 months after type 1 diabetes onset (49.6% boys, age at onset 8.

[Insulin resistance in children].

Insulin resistance is characterized by decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin. The hallmark of insulin resistance is decreased tissue glucose uptake despite normal or elevated insulin concentration. There has been an upward trend in the incidence of insulin resistance in developed countries, although in pediatric population it is difficult to assess.

Does the fat-protein meal increase postprandial glucose level in type 1 diabetes patients on insulin pump: the conclusion of a randomized study.

Background: Our study examines the hypothesis that in addition to sugar starch-type diet, a fat-protein meal elevates postprandial glycemia as well, and it should be included in calculated prandial insulin dose accordingly. The goal was to determine the impact of the inclusion of fat-protein nutrients in the general algorithm for the mealtime insulin dose calculator on 6-h postprandial glycemia.

Subjects And Methods: Of 26 screened type 1 diabetes patients using an insulin pump, 24 were randomly assigned to an experimental Group A and to a control Group B.

Long-acting insulin analogue detemir compared with NPH insulin in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although numerous studies showed an improvement in glycemic control in type 1 diabetic patients treated with long-acting insulin analogue detemir compared with Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, the beneficial effects of insulin detemir has not been confirmed by all investigators.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of treatment with detemir insulin vs. NPH insulin on metabolic control, hypoglycemic episodes, and body weight gain in patients with type 1 diabetes by means of a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

[TNF-α and soluble receptor TNF-α type 1 in children with diabetes mellitus type 1].

Introduction: TNF-α, and its soluble form sTNFR1, as proinflammatory hormone plays a great role in pathogenesis of auto immunological diseases, insulin resistance, both carbohydrates and fat metabolism and development of late complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DMT1) patients.

Aim Of The Study: To asses TNF-α and sTNFR1 levels in children with DMT1 and to analyze the correlation with anthropometric parameters, metabolic control and the influence of the kind of insulin therapy.

Material And Methods: 67 patients, aged from 3.

[Assessment of physical fitness in children and teenagers with type 1 diabetes].

Introduction: Physical activity is regarded as one of the four basic factors influencing the concentration of glucose in the blood of diabetic patients. Despite this, concerns about hypoglycaemia and exposure of chronically ill children to excessive fatigue mean that their physical activity is frequently inadequate. Until now, physical endurance of diabetes mellitus patients has been assessed more frequently than their physical fitness.

A review of the "bolus guide," a new insulin bolus dosing support tool based on selection of carbohydrate ranges.

In this issue of Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Shapira and colleagues present new concepts of carbohydrate load estimation in intensive insulin therapy. By using a mathematical model, they attempt to establish how accurately carbohydrate food content should be maintained in order to keep postprandial blood glucose levels in the recommended range. Their mathematical formula, the "bolus guide" (BG), is verified by simulating prandial insulin dosing and responding to proper blood glucose levels.

Bolus calculator with nutrition database software, a new concept of prandial insulin programming for pump users.

Bolus calculators are effective tools in controlling blood glucose levels in patients treated with insulin. Diabetics is a new software devised for patients to facilitate and improve self-managing for prandial insulin dosing and for better controlling food intake. This device contains two integral parts: a nutrition database and a bolus calculator.

Equal metabolic control but superior caregiver treatment satisfaction with insulin aspart in preschool children.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic outcomes, safety, and caregiver treatment satisfaction of basal-bolus multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy with mealtime insulin aspart (IAsp) or human insulin (HI) (both with basal NPH insulin), or of continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSII) with IAsp in preschool-age children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: After a 3-week HI MDI run-in, 61 children <7 years old were randomized to IAsp MDI or HI MDI or allocated to IAsp CSII for 26 weeks. Efficacy measures were glycated hemoglobin (A1C) and overall metabolic control at study end point.

The education of patients in prandial insulin dosing related to the structure of bolus calculators.

The metabolic effect of insulin pump therapy depends on precise adjustments of insulin to food intake ratio. Calculation of prandial insulin dose is a complex process employing many variant factors such as pre-prandial glucose and carbohydrate (CHO) levels, glucose index, insulin to CHO ratio (ICR) and active insulin. Bolus calculators are very effective in controlling blood glucose level in patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).

[Leptin and soluble leptin receptor in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Introduction: Leptin and soluble form of leptin receptor play a great role in both carbohydrate and fat metabolism which is very important in diabetes mellitus type (DMT1) patients.

Aim Of The Study: To asses leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels in children with DMT1 and to analyze correlation with anthropometric parameters, metabolic control and the influence of various kinds of insulin therapy.

Material And Methods: 67 patients, aged from 3.

Acute hypoxic hepatopathy: diabetic ketoacidosis complication in an infant newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aim Of The Study: Case presentation of hepatic dysfunction after severe ketoacidosis in an infant newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: A 10-month old Caucasian boy has been admitted to the hospital with pH 6.85, body temperature of 39.

[The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and celiac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Introduction: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have an increase the risk of developing other autoimmune diseases, among them, autoimmune thyroid disease, mainly Hashimoto are more frequently observed. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of celiac disease and autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: The study included 260 children (124 girls, 136 boys) aged 1.

Application of novel dual wave meal bolus and its impact on glycated hemoglobin A1c level in children with type 1 diabetes.

Background: An insulin pump is an advanced technology offering new options of bolus - normal (N), dual wave (D-W) or square wave (S-W) bolus to deliver mealtime insulin.

Objectives: To assess the impact of D-W/S-W boluses on metabolic control (glycated haemoglobin A1c, HbA1c) and to estimate the paediatric patients compliance with implementation of this system in daily practice.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 499 records of patients aged 0-18 yr.

Age-dependent basal insulin patterns in children with type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.

Aims: Identifying age-dependent basal rates in type 1 diabetic children treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).

Methods: CSII-treated children with type 1 diabetes exhibiting insulin requirement > 0.5 U/kg and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) < 8%.