Ribavirin in Modern Antitumor Therapy: Prospects for Intranasal Administration.

Ribavirin has been used as an antiviral agent to treat a variety of viral infections since the 1970s. Over the past few decades, studies have been conducted on the pharmacology of ribavirin, and the possibility of its use in new indications has been explored. According to the results of a number of studies, ribavirin efficacy in the therapy of malignant neoplasms of various genesis has been proven.

Implantation of In Situ Gelling Systems for the Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents.

Implantation is a modern method of administering chemotherapeutic agents, with a highly targeted effect and better patient tolerance due to the low frequency of administration. Implants are capable of controlled release, which makes them a viable alternative to infusional chemotherapy, allowing patients to enjoy a better quality of life without the need for prolonged hospitalization. Compared to subcutaneous implantation, intratumoral implantation has a number of significant advantages in terms of targeting and side effects, but this area of chemotherapy is still poorly understood in terms of clinical trials.

[Hemangioblastomas of the filum terminale and cauda equina].

Hemangioblastoma of the filum terminale and cauda equina is a rare tumor of nervous system. There are only few case reports in the literature. In this manuscript, the authors analyze the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease.

[Spinal cord metastasis of anaplastic oligodendroglioma of the brain without recurrence of primary tumor. Ccase report and literature review].

Spinal cord metastases of brain gliomas are rare. However, incidence of these tumors has been increasing recently. The vast majority of neurosurgeons and oncologists recognize spinal cord metastasis of malignant brain glioma followed by symptoms of transverse spinal cord lesion as non-curable terminal stage of malignant process.

[Problems of the diagnosis and treatment of compression neuropathy of the median nerve: an analysis of typical medical practice].

Aim: An analysis of typical medical errors in the diagnosis and treatment of compression neuropathy of the median nerve at the level of the wrist (carpal tunnel syndrome - CTS).

Material And Methods: Previous diagnoses and treatment of 85 patients with CTS (14 men and 71 women), aged from 36 to 84 years (middle age 62±10.6 years), who underwent surgery in our clinics were evaluated.

[Surgical treatment of intramedullary-extramedullary ependymomas. Two clinical cases and a literature review].

Unlabelled: Ependymoma is a central nervous system tumor that grows from ependymal cells lining the cerebral ventricles, central canal of the spinal cord, and filum terminale. Regardless of the histological type of ependymomas, they rarely have exophytic growth. Because of an extremely low occurrence rate of this phenomenon, we present two clinical cases of patients with classical intramedullary ependymomas (Grade II) having an extramedullary component.

[The acute tetraparesis as a rare presentation of Chiari malformation].

The authors present a case-report of a 25-year-old patient who developed symptoms of transversal injury of the spine. The patient was followed-up for 2 years and had a stable course of Chiari malformation I and syringomyelia. Motor disorders and deep sensory disorders developed without external cause and continued to increase during 2.

Localization of the motor and speech zones of the cerebral cortex by functional magnetic resonance tomography.

Functional magnetic resonance tomography provides a non-invasive method for mapping the cerebral cortex. The aim of the present work was to assess the potential and suitability of this method in a series of brain disorders. Studies were performed on 32 volunteers (mean age 37.

[Localization of motor and speech cortex in the brain with functional magnetic resonance tomography].

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used for non-invasive mapping of cerebral cortex. The purpose of the study was evaluation of applicability of functional MRI for studies of neurosurgical patients. 32 volunteers (mean age 37.

[Forced permanent clipping of the internal carotid artery in operations for cerebral arterial aneurysms].

Incidence, causes and results of permanent ICA clipping during arterial cerebral aneurysm surgery were analyzed in randomized group of 470 patients. Permanent ICA clipping was performed in 6 cases (1.3% of all surgeries).

[Temporary preventive clipping of the major brain arteries in the surgical treatment of arterial aneurysms].

Preventive temporary clipping of the carrying arteries reduces the incidence of intraoperative hemorrhage in anterior connecting arterial aneurysms from 26 to 13%, in middle cerebral arterial arterial aneurysms from 29 to 4%. In anterior connecting arterial aneurysms, the use of preventive temporary clipping of the carrying arteries fails to affect surgical outcomes. In middle cerebral arterial arterial aneurysms, this procedure decreases postoperative mortality from 17 to 12% by reducing the incidence of intraoperative hemorrhage; however, the rates of disability due to possible brain ischemia in the middle cerebral arterial bed rates increases from 32 to 40%.

[Intraoperative hemorrhages during the surgical treatment of aneurysms of the cerebral vessels].

The study indicated that intraoperative hemorrhages more frequently occurred at early surgery. During operations made in the first 7, 8-14 days of and after a fortnight of aneurysmal rupture, the incidence of hemorrhage was 27.5, 23, and 22%, respectively.

[The x-ray anatomical structure of the anterior portions of the circulus arteriosus (Willisi) cerebri in aneurysms of the anterior cerebral-anterior communicating arteries].

The angiographic findings were analyzed in 136 patients with aneurysms of forebrain and anterior communicating arteries and 27 patients examined for brain extravascular abnormality. Depending on the magnitude of effects of one of the internal carotids on the blood supply anterior communicating and forebrain arteries, symmetric and asymmetric filling variants for the anterior portions of Willis' circle were identified. The symmetric variant was detected in 30% of cases and in 67% of controls, the asymmetric was revealed in 70 and 33%, respectively.

[The surgical treatment of arterial aneurysms in the acute period of subarachnoid hemorrhage].

The paper presents the surgical outcomes of 300 patients with brain arterial aneurysms. A total of 43% of the patients were admitted to the unit within the first 72 hours of the onset of hemorrhage, 165 patients were operated on within the first fortnight, 135 were operated on in later periods. The aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery, internal carotid, middle cerebral artery were 42, 24, and 22%, respectively.

[Surgical results in intracerebral hematomas using stereotaxic puncture aspiration under guided ultrasonic brain scanning].

The paper outlines experience gained in stereotaxic aspiration of intracerebral hematomas in 27 patients within 1 to 20 days after hemorrhage. Hematomas of hypertensive and traumatic origin were present in 24 and 3 patients, respectively. Puncture and decision to remove hematomas were made according to operative ultrasonic scanning evidence.

[The diagnosis of multiple aneurysms in the acute period of subarachnoid hemorrhage].

Among arterial aneurysms of the brain, multiple aneurysms occur on the average in 12.9% patients as evidenced by angiographic studies and in 22.7 as shown by autopsies.