Orbital complications secondary to acute rhinosinusitis in toddlers: A unique age group.

Objectives: To present the clinical course and management of pediatric orbital complications (OC) secondary to acute rhinosinusitis (ARS), focusing on subperiosteal orbital abscess (SPOA) in toddlers (<2 years). A secondary aim was to identify and evaluate unique variables in toddlers which distinguish them from the older age group.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all children with OC secondary to ARS admitted to a secondary medical center between 2005 and 2014 was conducted.

The significance of tissue biopsy for fungi in necrotizing otitis externa.

Introduction: The conventional treatment for necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) is prolonged anti-pseudomonas therapy, with surgical treatment in non-responsive patients. The aim of the present study is to describe the course of management of patients with non-responsive NOE undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), and to investigate the importance of tissue biopsy for fungi in this group of patients.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study conducted between January 2010 and December 2013 at an Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department.

Low Concentration Intra-Tympanic Gentamicin Treatment for Menière's Disease: A Long-Term Follow Up.

Background: Intra-tympanic injections of gentamicin (ITG), a known ototoxic agent, have been proven to be effective in controlling Menière's disease (MD) symptoms, in patients who did not respond to conservative therapy, although its safety was questionable.

Objectives: To study whether low-concentration ITG, in refractory MD, had an effect on the ipsilateral hearing, in comparison to the contralateral ear, and to study the effectiveness of such treatment.

Methods: A comparative, retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2003 and 2015, and compared the change in the hearing level between the injected ear and the contralateral, untreated ear.

Post-turbinectomy nasal packing with Merocel versus glove finger Merocel: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Nasal packs are widely used after septoplasty and turbinectomy. We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial including 100 patients who underwent septoplasty with/or without turbinectomy randomized into two groups. In the first group (the Merocel group), a standard tampon was inserted at the end of surgery.

Indicators for imaging in periorbital cellulitis secondary to rhinosinusitis.

Purpose: Our objective was to identify the clinical indicators for subperiosteal orbital abscess (SPOA) among patients who present with periorbital cellulitis secondary to rhinosinusitis, and to evaluate the need for performing a computerized tomography (CT) scan.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to our tertiary care emergency department between 2006 and 2014 was conducted. Included were healthy patients with acute periorbital cellulitis secondary to rhinosinusitis.

Conservative Management for Subperiosteal Orbital Abscess in Adults: A 20-Year Experience.

Objective: Orbital complications (OC) secondary to acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) in adults are less common than in children, with assumed worse outcome.

Materials And Methods: Adults with OC secondary to ARS between 1994 and 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Parameters recorded included age, gender, clinical symptoms and signs, computed tomography (CT) scan findings, duration of hospitalization, treatment before and during admission, cultures, and outcome.

Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Background: Over-treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) with antibiotics is common, and poses a high burden on health-care systems.

Methods: Records of children 6-36 months of age with AOM visiting a university-affiliated pediatric emergency department between 2014 and 2016 were reviewed for the treatment given: watchful waiting versus antibiotics. If antibiotics were prescribed, the type and duration were recorded.

Pediatric neck abscesses: No increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Introduction: Recent studies from Western countries showed an increased incidence rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from pediatric neck abscesses cultures. We sought to examine the microbiology and antibiotic susceptibility of such samples over a 10-year period, and particularly of Staphylococcus aureus (SA), in order to determine whether a similar trend exists in our institution.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of children ≤18 years that underwent needle aspiration or surgical drainage of neck abscesses, including suppurative lymphadenitis, retropharyngeal abscesses, and parapharyngeal abscesses was conducted between 1/1/06-31/12/15.

Open tracheostomy training: a nationwide survey among Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery residents.

The aim of this study was to examine the training methods and needs of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OTO-HNS) residents to independently perform open tracheostomy (OT). An anonymous 26-items questionnaire pertaining to OT teaching aspects was distributed to all 93 Israeli OTO-HNS residents during March-June 2016. Residents were categorized as 'juniors,' if they were in their post-graduate year (PGY)-1 and PGY-2; 'mid-residency' (PGY-3 and PGY-4); or 'seniors' (PGY-5 and PGY-6).

Computerized dynamic posturography for evaluating dizziness in patients with scarred orbital content.

Our objective was to assess the capability of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) to evaluate dizziness in blind patients who lack corneoretinal potential. We performed a retrospective analysis of 2 young blind subjects with intraorbital scarring who complained of dizziness and underwent CDP. Tests were carried out at our center for balance disorders using the NeuroCom's EquiTest System version 4.

Adherence to acute otitis media diagnosis and treatment guidelines among Israeli otolaryngologists.

Introduction: The recent Israeli acute otitis media (AOM) guidelines, drafted mainly by pediatricians and family physicians in 2013, addressed diagnostic and therapeutic issues, in order to reduce over-diagnosis and treatment. These guidelines are considered as the 'standard of care' for AOM management. While the adherence rate of pediatricians to previous Israeli AOM guidelines (2004) was reported to be high (>85%), the compliance of otolaryngologists has not been studied.

Comparison of first year of life acute otitis media admissions before and after the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection, which is usually managed in the outpatient setting. Yet, the more severe cases are referred for inpatient treatment. We hypothesized that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), administered during the first year of life, would decrease AOM admissions rate in this age group.

Decrease in Pneumococcal Otitis Media Cultures With Concomitant Increased Antibiotic Susceptibility in the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Era.

Objective: To study the change in the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) in cultures obtained from children with otitis media (OM) during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) era.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Setting: Secondary medical care center.

Gender differences in the bacteriology of rhinosinusitis.

Evaluating gender differences in pathogens involving sinonasal tract disease in patients undergoing nasal surgery for chronic and recurrent rhinosinusitis (C/R RS). Retrospective analysis of 164 positive sinonasal swab cultures taken during endoscopic sinonasal surgery between the years 2006 and 2013. Study population included 79 (48.

The efficacy of extended Draf IIb procedure by partial nasal septectomy: long-term follow up.

Draf IIb procedure is mostly used in a very narrow frontal recess and in a revision frontal sinus surgery. In most cases, the contralateral sinus is not involved. In order to avoid Draf III procedure's reported disadvantages we have commenced the use of the extended Draf IIb procedures in our center.

Brain Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Gender Differences in Tinnitus Patients.

Background: Increased metabolism in the left auditory cortex has been reported in tinnitus patients. However, gender difference has not been addressed.

Purpose: To assess the differences in Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) results between the genders in tinnitus patients.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for maxillary bone radiation-induced injury: A 15-year single-center experience.

Background: Although hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used to treat chronic radiation tissue injury, clinical evidence supporting its use in maxillary bone osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to report our results of collected patient outcomes from a single center's large experience using HBOT to treat maxillary bone ORN.

Methods: From 1999 to 2015, 21 patients received treatment for maxillary bone ORN at our center.

Nasal Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma, an Idiosyncratic Connective Tissue Malformation in an Infant.

We describe a congenital mass in the nasopharynx of an infant presenting with dyspnea and feeding difficulties. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated 2 separate polypoid nasal cavity masses that were endoscopically resected. Histologically, both lesions were composed of mature adipose tissue with broad fibrous bands and several foci of brown fat.

The Role of Bacteriologic Studies in Predicting Recurrent Mastoiditis in 456 Patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of microbiologic growth on the recurrence rate of mastoiditis.

Materials And Methods: A historical prospective study on all cases of children with acute mastoiditis (AM) admitted between 2000 and 2015, was performed. The following data were collected in the recurrent AM (rAM) group: age, sex, and medical history, antibiotic therapy before hospitalization, clinical presentation at admission including symptoms and signs, blood test results, computed tomography (CT) imaging, microbiological findings, treatment, complications, outcome, and follow-up duration.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an alternative to surgery for non-healing pharyngocutaneous fistula.

The aim of the study is to examine the utilization of hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) as an alternative to surgical treatment for non-healing postoperative phayngocutaneous fistula (POPCF). A retrospective study was conducted between 2012 and 2014 of referred patients who had failed conservative treatment for POPCF at other medical centers. Reevaluation at our department was followed by therapeutic management including daily HBOT.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children: Etiology, management, and outcome.

Background And Objectives: Pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is uncommon, and the current guidelines for its management refer to adults. Our objective was to review cases of SSNHL in children and examine their etiologies, management, and outcome.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all children under the age of 18 years treated for SSNHL between January 2003 and September 2014.

Quantitative evaluation of facial growth in children after unilateral ESS for subperiosteal orbital abscess drainage.

Objective: To determine the effects of unilateral endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on facial skeletal growth in children.

Design: Retrospective controlled study.

Setting: Academic tertiary referral medical center.

Management of superior subperiosteal orbital abscess.

A superior subperiosteal orbital abscess (SSPOA) is a collection of purulent material between the periorbit and the superior bony orbital wall, and is typically a complication of frontal sinusitis. SSPOA is characteristically managed by classic external surgical drainage. The aim of our study was to assess the role of surgical intervention in SSPOA.

The role of osteitis of the lamina papyracea in the formation of subperiosteal orbital abscess in young children.

Background: Sub-periosteal orbital abscess (SPOA) typically presents as a collection of pus in the space between the periorbita and the lamina papyracea, adjacent to acute suppurative ethmoiditis. Osteitis of the lamina papyracea may lead to sequestrum formation, with progression of the infectious process to cause suppuration beneath the orbital periosteum.

Materials And Methods: A case series of children with rhinosinusitis and SPOA admitted to our institute, from January 2005 to December 2011, was carried out.

Complications following powered endoscopic sinus surgery: an 11 year study on 1190 patients in a single institute in Israel.

Background: Over the past 20 years, advances in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) techniques have led to widespread applications of this technology in both adult and pediatric populations with better results and lower morbidity.

Objectives: To update data regarding the rate of minor and major complications following ESS procedures that used powered instrumentation.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients who, with general anesthesia, underwent ESS utilizing powered instrumentation between January 1996 and December 2006.