Incidence of and factors associated with acute kidney injury after scoliosis surgery in pediatric patients.

Purpose: We sought to identify the national incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with pediatric posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery for scoliosis, and to determine factors that increase risk.

Methods: The 1998-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), a large United States hospital discharge database, was queried for discharges aged 0-17 years with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for scoliosis undergoing PSF for the outcome of AKI. Discharges were divided into those with AKI and unaffected.