Genetic forms and pathophysiology of essential arterial hypertension in minor indigenous peoples of Russia.

Background: To study the genetic forms and pathophysiology of arterial hypertension by evaluating plasma renin activity in the Shors, minor indigenous peoples inhabiting the south of Western Siberia.

Methods: A single-stage study of indigenous (the Shors) and non-indigenous peoples living in the villages of Gornaya Shoria of the Kemerovo region in the south of Western Siberia was conducted in the period from 2013 to 2017. One thousand four hundred nine adults (901 Shors and 508 non-indigenous inhabitants) were recruited in the study using a continuous sampling plan.

Adipocytes Directly Affect Coronary Artery Disease Pathogenesis via Induction of Adipokine and Cytokine Imbalances.

This study aimed to investigate the adipokine and cytokine profiles of adipocytes from epicardial and subcutaneous adipose tissues in interconnection with the visceral adipose tissue area and the biochemical and clinical characteristics of patients with coronary artery disease. We assessed 84 patients with coronary artery disease (65 men, 19 women) and divided them into two groups based on the presence of visceral obesity. We sampled epicardial and subcutaneous adipose tissues from the patients with visceral obesity.

Adipokine gene expression in adipocytes isolated from different fat depots of coronary artery disease patients.

To compare , , , , mRNA levels in adipocytes isolated from the biopsies of subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular fat obtained from 25 patients with coronary artery disease. Gene expression signature was determined by RT-qPCR with hydrolysis probes. We found and mRNA was higher expressed only in adipocytes isolated from epicardial adipose tissue compared to the subcutaneous fat.

Biological markers and cardiac remodelling following the myocardial infarction.

Aim: To assess growth stimulating factor ST2 and N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in the sera of myocardial infraction (MI) patients, and their correlation with the adaptive and maladaptive variants of cardiac remodelling.

Methods: 87 patients (65 male, 22 females; 67±8.36 years) with ST-elevated MI were included in this study, and 67 patients had an adaptive, physiological, while 20 patients had a maladaptive, pathological variant of myocardium remodelling.

Relationship between epicardial and perivascular fatty tissue and adipokine-cytokine level in coronary artery disease patients.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the thickness of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and the adipokine-cytokine profile of patients with coronary heart disease, which can be of significant importance for predicting the course of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Eighty-four patients with CVD were assessed and divided into two groups based on the presence of visceral obesity (VO). In patients with VO, the thickness of the epicardial deposits of the left and right ventricles were 1.

Leptin resistance: underlying mechanisms and diagnosis.

Leptin and its receptors have been identified as key regulators of body weight and energy homeostasis. A decrease in tissue sensitivity to leptin leads to the development of obesity and metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Mechanisms underlying the development of leptin resistance include mutations in the genes encoding leptin and its receptors, as well as proteins involved in self-regulation of leptin synthesis and blood-brain barrier permeability.

Localization of fat depots and cardiovascular risk.

Despite the existing preventative and therapeutic measures, cardiovascular diseases remain the main cause of temporary disability, long-term disability, and mortality. Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and their complications. However, not all fat depots have the same inflammatory, paracrine, and metabolic activities.

Relationships between epicardial adipose tissue thickness and adipo-fibrokine indicator profiles post-myocardial infarction.

Background: Determination of the impact of visceral obesity and epicardial adipose tissue thickness on stimulating growth factor levels during hospitalization for myocardial infarction is of potential importance for predicting outcomes and assessing the development of cardiofibrotic changes associated with maladaptive myocardial remodeling. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationships between epicardial adipose tissue thickness, adipokine profiles, and the stimulating growth factor 2/interleukin-33 signaling system during hospitalization for myocardial infarction, and with the cardiac fibrosis extent 1-year post-MI in patients with visceral obesity.

Methods: Eighty-eight patients with myocardial infarction were grouped based on their visceral obesity.

Effect of different doses of statins on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with myocardial infarction.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may have common developmental mechanisms associated with lipid metabolism disorders. Dyslipidemia and progression of atherosclerosis in people with T2DM are accompanied by an increase in cardiovascular mortality. This study examined the dose-dependent action of atorvastatin on carbohydrate metabolism and adipokine status in patients within 12 months after myocardial infarction (MI).

A comparison of the genetic and clinical risk factors for arterial hypertension between indigenous and non-indigenous people of the Shoria Mountain Region.

Background: This study investigated the non-genetic and genetic risk factors for arterial hypertension (AH) in two ethnic groups living in the Mountain Shoria region: Shors and non-indigenous people.

Methods: Clinical and epidemiological study of compactly living population in the remote areas of the Mountain Shoria (Orton, Ust-Kabyrza, Sheregesh settlements, Kemerovo region). 1178 residents of these settlements were surveyed with the help of continuous sampling method; the sample consisted of adults (18 years and older).

Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin the estimation of hospital prognosis in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction.

We aimed to assess the clinical significance of serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (sNGAL) for predicting in-hospital outcomes in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients admitted within 24 hours of developing STEMI clinical symptoms were evaluated for sNGAL on hospitalization days 1 and 12. Recurrent myocardial infarction, early post-infarction angina, acute cerebrovascular accident, and death were assessed as adverse outcomes during hospitalization.

Biochemical markers of type 2 diabetes as a late complication of myocardial infarction: a case-control study.

Introduction: On average, 19-23% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is newly diagnosed in a significant number of patients. Both classic carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism may be promising diagnostic markers for insulin resistance in acute coronary syndrome.

Material And Methods: Two hundred patients (130 males and 70 females aged 61.

Use of thrombin generation test for monitoring hemostasis in coronary bypass surgery.

To evaluate the parameters of the thrombin generation test (TGT) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients on prolonged aspirin therapy during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) after donor platelet concentrate transfusion. A total of 148 patients with CAD on prolonged aspirin therapy (75-100 mg/day) who have undergone elective on-pump CABG were consecutively included in the study. Patients were divided randomly into two groups.

Relationship key factor of inflammation and the development of complications in the late period of myocardial infarction in patients with visceral obesity.

Background: Cytokines play an significant role in regulating non-specific inflammatory response involved in many pathological processes. The current study tested the hypothesis that myocardial infarction in patients with obesity can lead to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and unfavorable course of the pathological process.

Methods: The study recruited 232 male patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction.

Early Effects of Treatment Low-Dose Atorvastatin on Markers of Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Patients with Myocardial Infarction.

Dyslipidemia is one of the primary causes of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, attention has been focused on the development of drugs that normalize lipid levels and exert an effect on markers of atherothrombosis, insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation. Atorvastatin is a drug with not only lipid-lowering potential, but it has multiple non-lipid effects.

Glucose levels as a prognostic marker in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case-control study.

Background: Patients with myocardial infarction (MI) have a high mortality. Therefore, new risk markers and predictors of an adverse outcome for MI are required. The role of hyperglycemia in the development of cardiovascular complications in MI patients is still unclear.

Prognostic Value of Soluble ST2 During Hospitalization for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Studying the role of soluble ST2 (sST2) during hospitalization for myocardial infarction (MI) can be helpful for predicting the course of the hospitalization and development of complications.

Methods: We included 88 patients with MI (median age, 58 yr). Depending on the course of the hospitalization, the patients were divided into two groups: the favorable (n=58) and unfavorable (n=30) outcome groups.

The role of adipose tissue and adipokines in the manifestation of type 2 diabetes in the long-term period following myocardial infarction.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the markers of insulin resistance and adipokine status in patients with visceral obesity during hospitalization following myocardial infarction (MI) and assess the disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism present 1 year after MI onset.

Methods: 94 male patients with MI were recruited. The exclusion criteria were as follows: age less than 50 or greater than 80 years, the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and a prior history of pronounced renal failure.

Serum Galectin and Renal Dysfunction in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum galectin levels and renal dysfunction in relation to in-hospital prognosis and unfavorable prognosis 1 year after ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients were assigned to two groups according to the cystatin C-based estimate of GFR on day 12 after STEMI: (1) STEMI patients with normal renal function (GFR based on cystatin C levels = 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) and (2) those with renal dysfunction (RD) (GFR based on cystatin C levels <60 mL/min/1.

Prosthetic heart valve selection in women of childbearing age with acquired heart disease: a case report.

Background: The problem of prosthetic heart valve selection in fertile women with acquired heart defects remains crucial in modern cardiology. Mechanical heart valves require lifelong indirect anticoagulant therapy, which has significant fetal toxicity and is unacceptable for women planning pregnancy. Bioprosthetic heart valves are the best choice for fertile women; however, their durability is limited, and reoperations are required.

Dose-dependent effects of atorvastatin on myocardial infarction.

Background: Dyslipidemia is a key factor determining the development of both myocardial infarction (MI) and its subsequent complications. Dyslipidemia is associated with endothelial dysfunction, activation of inflammation, thrombogenesis, and formation of insulin resistance. Statin therapy is thought to be effective for primary and secondary prevention of complications associated with atherosclerosis.

Association of inflammatory markers and poor outcome in diabetic patients presenting with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Objective: Carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD) significantly impact the development and progression of all forms of ischemic heart disease, and inflammation is regarded as a general pathogenetic link between CMD and ischemic heart disease.

Methods: A total of 601 patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (MI) (STEMI), admitted within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms during 1 year, were included in this registry study. The blood levels of inflammation markers were measured at days 10-14 with further follow up at 1 year.

Impact of recipient-related factors on structural dysfunction of xenoaortic bioprosthetic heart valves.

Objective: To analyze the influence of recipient-related metabolic factors on the rate of structural dysfunction caused by the calcification of xenoaortic bioprostheses.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical status, calcium-phosphorus metabolism, and nonspecific markers of inflammatory response in bioprosthetic mitral valve recipients with calcific degeneration confirmed by histological and electron microscopic studies (group 1, n=22), and in those without degeneration (group 2, n=48).

Results: Patients with confirmed calcification of bioprostheses were more likely to have a severe clinical state (functional class IV in 36% in group 1 versus 15% in group 2, P=0.

Multivessel coronary artery disease, free fatty acids, oxidized LDL and its antibody in myocardial infarction.

Background: Free fatty acids (FFA), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and its antibodies, lipid profile markers, which are formed under oxidative stress, play an important role in atherosclerotic disease. Assess the levels of these markers in myocardial infarction patients depending on the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: ST-elevation MI patients with hemodynamically significant stenoses of ≥ 75% in one, two, three, or more coronary arteries were examined.

Lipid, adipokine and ghrelin levels in myocardial infarction patients with insulin resistance.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a risk factor for ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction (MI). IR often manifests in MI and is regarded as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality, which can provide early risk stratification for recurrent acute coronary events.

Methods: The study enrolled 200 patients (130 males and 70 females aged 61.