Biodegradation and Immunological Parameters of Polyurethane-Based Tissue Adhesive in Arterial Microvascular Anastomoses-A Long-Term In Vivo Study.

In microsurgical anastomosis, non-synthetic fibrin-based adhesives have predominantly shown superior properties to synthetic cyanoacrylates, but they have hardly any clinical application. This study aims to investigate the local and systemic effects of synthetically produced biodegradable adhesive VIVO when used in microsurgical anastomosis. VIVO is used in two different anastomosis procedures in the common carotid artery in a rat model: VIVO in addition to a temporary catheter (VIVO TC) and VIVO with a custom-shaped memory nitinol stent (VIVO SM).

Mechanical strength and hydrostatic testing of VIVO adhesive in sutureless microsurgical anastomoses: an ex vivo study.

Conventional anastomoses with interrupted sutures are challenging and inevitably associated with trauma to the vessel walls. The goal of this study was to evaluate a novel alternative adhesive-based suture-free anastomosis technique that uses an intraluminal stent. Overall, 120 porcine coronary vessels were analyzed in an ex vivo model and were examined for their mechanical (n = 20 per cohort) and hydrostatic strength (n = 20 per cohort).

Impact of quality certification of multidisciplinary head and neck tumor centers.

Background: Certification of multidisciplinary tumor centers is nowadays seen as the gold standard in modern oncological therapy for optimization and realization of guideline-based therapy and better outcomes. Single cases are reimbursed based on diagnosis-related groups (DRG). We aimed to review efficiency, cost analysis, and profitability following a certification.

Effectiveness of face-to-face, blended and e-learning in teaching the application of local anaesthesia: a randomised study.

Background: Local anaesthesia plays a key role in many aspects of a dentist's work. The required skills to perform anaesthesia successfully are acquired at university. To take advantage of the possibilities for new teaching formats, a blended learning concept for the local anaesthesia course was developed.

An innovative PantoDict program for reporting panoramic radiographs using automatic speech recognition in dental education: a randomized observer-blinded study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of an e-learning program including automatic speech recognition on outcomes assessment in interpreting panoramic radiographs at a dental school.

Study Design: For instruction in reporting findings on panoramic radiographs, 36 participants were divided randomly into 3 seminar groups. Group A used the new PantoDict digital e-learning program for training.

Impact of Wound Closure on the Corrosion Rate of Biodegradable Mg-Ca-Zn Alloys in the Oral Environment.

Magnesium alloys have exhibited a rapid rate of corrosion and thus early implant failure, so this study was designed to investigate the longer-term effects and in particular on wound closure. The aim of the study is to evaluate Mg-Ca-Zn Alloys as promising biodegradable implants in the field of maxillofacial surgery, which have so far never been evaluated for the changing conditions from a saliva to a serum-like environment after wound closure. Magnesium-0.

Perioperative safety and complications in treatment of oral and maxillofacial surgery patients under general anesthesia with obstructive sleeping disorders.

Patients with sleeping disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, (OSA) have a higher risk for postoperative complications after maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia. The aim of this study was to detect specific complications after oral and maxillofacial surgery. Sixty-nine cases of patients with middle or severe sleep apnea who underwent an operation under general anesthesia in the oral and maxillofacial region were retrospectively analyzed.

Preparation Steps for Measurement of Reactivity in Mouse Retinal Arterioles Ex Vivo.

Vascular insufficiency and alterations in normal retinal perfusion are among the major factors for the pathogenesis of various sight-threatening ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, and possibly glaucoma. Therefore, retinal microvascular preparations are pivotal tools for physiological and pharmacological studies to delineate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and to design therapies for the diseases. Despite the wide use of mouse models in ophthalmic research, studies on retinal vascular reactivity are scarce in this species.

Three-dimensional evaluation of the posterior airway space: differences in computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography.

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) becomes increasingly important. For diagnosis and surgery, computed tomography (CT), and cone beam computed tomography (CB-CT) are used equally, although in most of cases, patient positioning differs between supine positioning (CT) and upright seating positioning (CB-CT). We measured volumetric and anatomical changes in the posterior airway space (PAS) between upright and supine positioning in a three-dimensional set up.

Compensatory Vasodilator Mechanisms in the Ophthalmic Artery of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Knockout Mice.

Nitric oxide (NO) generated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays an important role in the maintenance of ocular vascular homeostasis. Therefore, perturbations in vascular NO synthesis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several ocular diseases. We recently reported that eNOS contributes significantly to vasodilation of the mouse ophthalmic artery.

Fracture patterns after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus according to the Obwegeser/Dal Pont and Hunsuck/Epker modifications.

The aim of this study was to compare the fracture patterns after sagittal split osteotomy according to Obwegeser/Dal Pont (ODP) and Hunsuck/Epker (HE), as well as to investigate the relationship between lateral bone cut ending or angle and the incidence of unfavorable/bad splits. Postoperative cone-beam computed tomograms of 124 splits according to ODP and 60 according to HE were analyzed. ODP led to 75.

Evaluation of bone resorption in fibula and deep circumflex iliac artery flaps following dental implantation: A three-year follow-up study.

Long-term results of dental implant treatment in fibula free and deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) free flaps are scarce. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare peri-implant bone resorption of vascularized bone flaps treated with dental implants. A total of 28 patients, 14 fibula and 14 DCIA flaps, respectively, underwent reconstruction of the lower and upper jaw by the use of vascularized bone flaps and were treated with dental implants.

Influence of Connecting Two Standalone Mobile Three-Dimensional Scanners on Accuracy Comparing with a Standard Device in Facial Scanning.

Objectives: In this study is investigated if bundling of two scanners leads to better accuracy in recording faces than a standard face-scanning device.

Material And Methods: In a group of 28 volunteers, two test specimens were attached to their faces: one on their forehead and one turned 90° on their cheek. Each volunteer was scanned by FaceScan3D and two bundled Artec EVA scanners.

Intraosseous stability of dental implants in free revascularized fibula and iliac crest bone flaps.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two different microvascular reanastomized bone transplants on primary (PS) and secondary stability (SS) of dental implants. Totally 96 implants (Bone Level, Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) were inserted in fibula (n = 50) and iliac crest (n = 46) in mean of 97.7 SD 75.

The use of mobile 3D scanners in maxillofacial surgery.

There are many possibilities for the use of three-dimensional (3D) scanners in maxillofacial surgery. This study aimed to investigate whether the bundling and syncing of two 3D scanners has advantages over single-scanner acquisition in terms of scan quality and the time required to scan an object. Therefore, the speed and precision of 3D data acquisition with one scanner versus two synced scanners was measured in 30 subjects.

Evaluation of the accuracy of a mobile and a stationary system for three-dimensional facial scanning.

Purpose: Numerous three-dimensional (3D) facial scanners have emerged on the market; however, publications evaluating their accuracies are sparse. In this study, the accuracy of two 3D scanners used in facial scanning was evaluated.

Materials And Methods: A test specimen was attached at the right cheek and the forehead of 41 volunteers.

High-Concentration Liquid Prednisolone Formula: Filling a Therapeutic Niche in Severe Acute Attacks of Urticaria and Angioedema.

Background/aims: According to current guidelines, the emergency kit for patients with severe urticaria and/or angioedema should include a corticosteroid with a prednisolone-equivalent of 50-100 mg. Since severe dysphagia may occur in anaphylaxis, liquid corticosteroids are advantageous. Presently, only liquid preparations with less than 100 mg prednisolone equivalent are available worldwide.

Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Implant Bed Preparation and the Influence on Primary Implant Stability After Using 2 Different Surgical Techniques.

Purpose: Surgical techniques affect primary implant stability, which is required for osseointegration. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of full-guided surgery on the dimension of implant site in relation to primary stability.

Materials And Methods: After implant site preparation in artificial bone by full-guided (FG) or non-guided (NG) workflows to create final diameters of 3.

Effect of the M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor on Retinal Neuron Number Studied with Gene-Targeted Mice.

Pharmacological activation of the M1 muscarinic receptor subtype was suggested to promote the survival of retinal neurons. We examined the hypothesis that the M1 receptor is crucial for retinal neuron survival in vivo by using mice devoid of the M1 receptor gene. Muscarinic receptor gene expression was determined in the retina using real-time PCR.

Role of α₁-adrenoceptor subtypes in pupil dilation studied with gene-targeted mice.

Purpose: The α₁A-adrenoceptor (α₁A-AR) subtype was suggested to mediate contraction and trophic effects in the iris dilator muscle, and thus its pharmacological blockade may be involved in intraoperative floppy iris syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that the α₁A-AR mediates pupil dilation and trophic effects in the mouse iris.

Methods: The α₁-AR subtype mRNA expression was quantified in iris tissue by real-time PCR.

Role of nitric oxide synthase isoforms for ophthalmic artery reactivity in mice.

Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are involved in regulation of ocular vascular tone and blood flow. While endothelial NOS (eNOS) has recently been shown to mediate endothelium-dependent vasodilation in mouse retinal arterioles, the contribution of individual NOS isoforms to vascular responses is unknown in the retrobulbar vasculature. Moreover, it is unknown whether the lack of a single NOS isoform affects neuron survival in the retina.

The accuracy of computer-assisted primary mandibular reconstruction with vascularized bone flaps: iliac crest bone flap versus osteomyocutaneous fibula flap.

Background: The intention of mandibular reconstruction is to restore the complex anatomy with maximum possible functionality and high accuracy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of computer-assisted surgery in primary mandibular reconstruction with an iliac crest bone flap compared with an osteomyocutaneous fibula flap.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative computed tomography data of the mandible and the iliac crest or fibula donor site were imported into a specific surgical planning software program.

Contribution of nitric oxide synthase isoforms to cholinergic vasodilation in murine retinal arterioles.

Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are critically involved in regulation of ocular perfusion. However, the contribution of the individual NOS isoforms to vascular responses is unknown in the retina. Because some previous findings suggested an involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of retinal vascular tone, a major goal of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that iNOS is involved in mediating cholinergic vasodilation responses of murine retinal arterioles.

Identification of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype mediating cholinergic vasodilation in murine retinal arterioles.

Purpose: To identify the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype that mediates cholinergic vasodilation in murine retinal arterioles.

Methods: Muscarinic receptor gene expression was determined in murine retinal arterioles using real-time PCR. To assess the functional relevance of muscarinic receptors for mediating vascular responses, retinal vascular preparations from muscarinic receptor-deficient mice were studied in vitro.

Functional role of α1-adrenoceptor subtypes in murine ophthalmic arteries.

Purpose: To identify the α(1)-adrenoceptor (α(1)-AR) subtypes mediating vascular adrenergic responses in murine ophthalmic arteries.

Methods: Expression of mRNA was quantified for individual α(1)-AR subtypes in murine ophthalmic arteries using real-time PCR. To assess the functional relevance of α(1)-ARs for mediating vascular responses, ophthalmic arteries from mice deficient in one of the three α(1)-AR subtypes (α(1A)-AR(-/-), α(1B)-AR(-/-), and α(1D)-AR(-/-), respectively) and wild-type controls were isolated, cannulated with micropipettes, and pressurized.