Prediction of Oscillations in Glycolysis in Ethanol-Consuming Erythrocyte-Bioreactors.

A mathematical model of energy metabolism in erythrocyte-bioreactors loaded with alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase was constructed and analyzed. Such erythrocytes can convert ethanol to acetate using intracellular NAD and can therefore be used to treat alcohol intoxication. Analysis of the model revealed that the rate of ethanol consumption by the erythrocyte-bioreactors increases proportionally to the activity of incorporated ethanol-consuming enzymes until their activity reaches a specific threshold level.

Ammonium removal by erythrocyte-bioreactors based on glutamate dehydrogenase from Proteus sp. jointly with porcine heart alanine aminotransferase.

Excessive ammonium blood concentration causes many serious neurological complications. The medications currently used are not very effective. To remove ammonium from the blood, erythrocyte-bioreactors containing enzymes that processing ammonium have been proposed.

Theoretical Analysis of the Built-in Metabolic Pathway Effect on the Metabolism of Erythrocyte-Bioreactors That Neutralize Ammonium.

The limitations of the efficiency of ammonium-neutralizing erythrocyte-bioreactors based on glutamate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase reactions were analyzed using a mathematical model. At low pyruvate concentrations in the external medium (below about 0.3 mM), the main limiting factor is the rate of pyruvate influx into the erythrocyte from the outside, and at higher concentrations, it is the disappearance of a steady state in glycolysis if the rate of ammonium processing is higher than the critical value (about 12 mM/h).