A Novel 3D Tunneling (3DT) Surgical Technique for the Treatment of Gingival Recessions with Reconstruction of the Deficient Interdental Papilla and Interproximal Attachment Regeneration: A Case Series.

Current concepts in periodontology emphasize the interproximal attachment as an important distinguishing aspect with significant influence, making it a key diagnostic and prognostic factor. Complete regeneration of the interproximal clinical attachment has become a primary determinant of periodontal success. Since the mid-20th century, numerous articles have been published on root coverage procedures, mostly for nonproximal gingival recessions.

Adhesion of oil to kaolinite in water.

Uniform coats of kaolinite particles on a flat glass substrate were prepared to be sufficiently smooth and thin to allow reliable measurement of contact angles of captive crude oil drops in a range of salt solutions, without any particle removal. The contact angle hysteresis was used to infer the extent of oil adhesion via rupture of the intervening water film and anchoring of charged groups to kaolinite. For sodium chloride solutions, adhesion decreases monotonically with pH and/or salinity, with strong adhesion only manifested under acidic conditions with salinity at most 0.