Paradoxical and Unmasking HIV Immune Reconstitution Inflammation Syndrome in Antiretroviral-Naïve Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), indicated by an array of opportunistic infections, may occur, presenting as either paradoxical, a worsening of a previously treated infection, or unmasking, a flare-up of an underlying, previously undiagnosed infection. The impact of ART as the backbone of HIV treatment and prevention has prolonged the survival of people living with HIV. In pregnancy, benefits have been shown by slowing HIV progression and preventing perinatal transmission; however, there have been risks of adverse reactions with ART, including immune responses to both the fetus and mother.

Association of Pregnancy With Coronavirus Cytokine Storm: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: COVID-19 was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, spreading to the rest of the globe, becoming a pandemic. Some studies have shown an association between pregnancy status and severe COVID-19 with a cytokine storm, whereas others have shown contrasting results.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between pregnancy status and the clinical COVID-19 severity characterized by the cytokine storm through a systematic review and meta-analysis.